
最常用的英文動詞,你一定能學會!
想把英文口語講得像母語人士一樣溜嗎?動詞絕對是關鍵!這篇文章要跟你聊聊英文裡最常用的100個動詞,保證讓你覺得:「蛤?原來這麼簡單!」
動詞的重要性:英文語法的骨幹
欸,你可能想說:「動詞喔?我知道啊,不就 eat、drink、sleep 這些。」沒錯,但動詞可不只這些,它就像是一句話的骨幹,撐起整個句子的意思。英文的句子結構,主要就是主詞 + 動詞,所以掌握好動詞,就能夠輕鬆表達你想說的事情。
從基礎開始:Be 動詞
我們就從最基本的 be 動詞開始吧!Be 動詞有三個好朋友:am、is、are,它們會根據主詞的不同而變身。
am: 搭配 I (我)
- 例句:I am a student. (我是一個學生。)
- 說明:這是最簡單的用法,表達你是誰、是什麼身份。
is: 搭配 he、she、it 或單數名詞 (例如:the dog)
- 例句:She is happy. (她很開心。)
- 說明:用來描述某人或某事的狀態或感覺。
- 例句:The dog is sleeping.(那隻狗在睡覺。)
are: 搭配 you、we、they 或複數名詞 (例如:the dogs)
- 例句:You are my friend. (你是我的朋友。)
- 說明:用來描述複數的人或事物的狀態。
- 例句:The dogs are playing.(那些狗在玩。)
超級實用的動詞:Have
Have 這個動詞也是英文裡面的萬用丹,它可以表示「擁有」、「有」、「吃」、「喝」等等,用法超級多!
擁有/有:
- 例句:I have a car. (我有一台車。)
- 說明:表示你擁有某樣東西。
- 例句:She has a lot of friends. (她有很多朋友。)
吃/喝:
- 例句:I have breakfast every morning. (我每天早上吃早餐。)
- 說明:在這裡 have 等於 eat。
- 例句:We had some tea.(我們喝了一些茶。)
Have to (必須):
- 例句:I have to go now. (我現在必須走了。)
- 說明:表達一種義務或必要性。
表達動作的動詞:Do, Say, Get, Make, Go, Know, Take, See, Come
這些動詞都是我們生活中常常會用到的,學會它們,就能夠更清楚地表達自己的想法。
- Do (做):
- 例句:What do you do? (你是做什麼的?)
- 說明:詢問職業。
- 例句:I do my homework every day. (我每天做功課。)
- Say (說):
- 例句:What did you say? (你說了什麼?)
- 說明:詢問別人說的話。
- 例句:He said he was tired. (他說他很累。)
- Get (得到/變得):
- 例句:I get a lot of emails every day. (我每天收到很多郵件。)
- 說明:表示收到。
- 例句:It’s getting dark. (天色漸漸暗了。)
- 說明:表示狀態的改變。
- Make (製造/使):
- 例句:I make coffee every morning. (我每天早上煮咖啡。)
- 說明:表示製造或製作。
- 例句:You make me happy. (你讓我開心。)
- 說明:表示使某人感到某種情緒。
- Go (去):
- 例句:I go to school every day. (我每天去上學。)
- 說明:表示前往某個地方。
- 例句:Let’s go! (我們走吧!)
- Know (知道):
- 例句:I know the answer. (我知道答案。)
- 說明:表示知道某件事。
- 例句:Do you know him? (你認識他嗎?)
- Take (拿/帶/花費):
- 例句:Take this. (拿這個。)
- 說明:表示拿取。
- 例句:I’ll take you home. (我會送你回家。)
- 說明:表示帶領。
- 例句:It takes an hour to get there. (到那裡要花一個小時。)
- 說明:表示花費時間。
- See (看/看到):
- 例句:I see what you mean. (我明白你的意思。)
- 說明:表示理解。
- 例句:Did you see that movie? (你看過那部電影嗎?)
- Come (來):
- 例句:Come here. (過來這裡。)
- 說明:表示移動到某個地點。
- 例句:I come from Taiwan. (我來自台灣。)
表達思考和感受的動詞:Think, Feel, Find, Give, Tell, Work, Study, Become
這些動詞可以讓你更深入地表達你的想法和感受,讓溝通更加豐富。
- Think (想/思考):
- 例句:What do you think? (你覺得怎麼樣?)
- 說明:詢問意見。
- 例句:I think I need a break. (我想我需要休息一下。)
- Feel (感覺):
- 例句:I feel tired. (我感覺很累。)
- 說明:表達身體或情緒上的感覺。
- 例句:How do you feel about that? (你對那件事感覺如何?)
- Find (找到/發現):
- 例句:I can’t find my keys. (我找不到我的鑰匙。)
- 說明:表示找到某樣東西。
- 例句:I find it interesting. (我覺得它很有趣。)
- 說明:表示覺得某件事怎麼樣。
- Give (給):
- 例句:Give me a hand. (幫我一下。)
- 說明:請求幫助。
- 例句:I gave him a book. (我給了他一本書。)
- Tell (告訴):
- 例句:Tell me a story. (告訴我一個故事。)
- 說明:要求講述。
- 例句:I told you so. (我早就跟你說過了。)
- Work (工作/運作):
- 例句:I work in a bank. (我在銀行工作。)
- 說明:表示工作地點。
- 例句:This machine doesn’t work. (這台機器不能運作。)
- Study (學習):
- 例句:I study English. (我學習英文。)
- 說明:表示學習的科目。
- 例句:I study at National Taiwan University. (我在台灣大學讀書。)
- Become (變成):
- 例句:He wants to become a doctor. (他想成為一位醫生。)
- 說明:表示變成某種身份或狀態。
- 例句:It’s becoming cold. (天氣漸漸變冷了。)
表達需求和意願的動詞:Want, Need, Like, Use, Look, Ask, Help, Move
這些動詞可以讓你表達你的需求、喜好和意願,讓溝通更加直接。
- Want (想要):
- 例句:I want some coffee. (我想要一些咖啡。)
- 說明:表達想要的東西。
- 例句:I want to go home. (我想回家。)
- Need (需要):
- 例句:I need some help. (我需要一些幫助。)
- 說明:表達需要的東西。
- 例句:You need to rest. (你需要休息。)
- Like (喜歡):
- 例句:I like pizza. (我喜歡披薩。)
- 說明:表達喜歡的東西。
- 例句:I like to read. (我喜歡閱讀。)
- Use (使用):
- 例句:I use a computer every day. (我每天使用電腦。)
- 說明:表示使用某樣工具。
- 例句:Can I use your phone? (我可以使用你的手機嗎?)
- Look (看/看起來):
- 例句:Look at me. (看著我。)
- 說明:引起注意。
- 例句:You look tired. (你看起來很累。)
- 說明:描述外觀。
- Ask (問):
- 例句:Ask me a question. (問我一個問題。)
- 說明:請求提問。
- 例句:I asked him for help. (我向他尋求幫助。)
- Help (幫助):
- 例句:Can you help me? (你可以幫我嗎?)
- 說明:請求幫助。
- 例句:I want to help people. (我想幫助人們。)
- Move (移動/搬家):
- 例句:Don’t move. (不要動。)
- 說明:命令停止移動。
- 例句:We are moving to a new house. (我們要搬到新家了。)
其他常用的動詞:Play, Turn, Start, Show, Hear, Live, Hold, Believe, Bring, Happen
這些動詞涵蓋了生活中的各種情境,學會它們,你的英文表達會更加自然流暢。
- Play (玩/播放):
- 例句:I like to play basketball. (我喜歡打籃球。)
- 說明:表示進行某種運動或遊戲。
- 例句:Play some music. (播放一些音樂。)
- Turn (轉/變成):
- 例句:Turn left. (向左轉。)
- 說明:指示方向。
- 例句:The leaves turn brown in autumn. (秋天樹葉會變成棕色。)
- Start (開始):
- 例句:Let’s start the meeting. (我們開始開會吧。)
- 說明:宣布開始。
- 例句:I started learning English last year. (我去年開始學習英文。)
- Show (展示/顯示):
- 例句:Show me your ID. (給我看你的身分證。)
- 說明:要求展示。
- 例句:This map shows the location. (這張地圖顯示了位置。)
- Hear (聽到):
- 例句:I can’t hear you. (我聽不到你。)
- 說明:表示聽力。
- 例句:Did you hear the news? (你聽到這個新聞了嗎?)
- Live (居住/生活):
- 例句:I live in Taipei. (我住在台北。)
- 說明:表示居住地點。
- 例句:I want to live a happy life. (我想過快樂的生活。)
- Hold (握/持有):
- 例句:Hold my hand. (握住我的手。)
- 說明:請求握住。
- 例句:I hold a passport. (我持有一本護照。)
- Believe (相信):
- 例句:I believe you. (我相信你。)
- 說明:表達信任。
- 例句:Do you believe in ghosts? (你相信鬼嗎?)
- Bring (帶來):
- 例句:Bring me some water. (給我帶些水來。)
- 說明:請求攜帶。
- 例句:I’ll bring my friend. (我會帶我的朋友來。)
- Happen (發生):
- 例句:What happened? (發生了什麼事?)
- 說明:詢問發生了什麼。
- 例句:Accidents happen. (意外總是會發生。)
動詞變化:過去式和過去分詞
動詞除了原形之外,還有過去式和過去分詞,用來表達不同時態。有些動詞的變化很規律,直接加上 -ed 就可以了 (例如:work -> worked),但有些動詞的變化不規則,需要特別記住 (例如:go -> went -> gone)。
- 規則動詞: 通常加上 -ed
- 例句:I worked yesterday. (我昨天工作了。)
- 不規則動詞: 需要背誦
- 例句:I went to the park. (我去公園了。)
- 例句:I have gone to Japan.(我去過日本。)
動詞的時態:讓表達更精準
英文的動詞時態有很多種,最常用的包括現在式、過去式、未來式、現在進行式等等。不同的時態可以表達不同的時間點或狀態。
- 現在式: 表示現在的習慣或事實
- 例句:I eat breakfast every day. (我每天都吃早餐。)
- 過去式: 表示過去發生的事情
- 例句:I ate breakfast yesterday. (我昨天吃了早餐。)
- 未來式: 表示未來將要發生的事情
- 例句:I will eat breakfast tomorrow. (我明天會吃早餐。)
- 現在進行式: 表示現在正在進行的事情
- 例句:I am eating breakfast now. (我現在正在吃早餐。)
實際運用:打造你的英文句子
學了這麼多動詞,最重要的就是要實際運用!試著用這些動詞造句,練習表達自己的想法。可以從簡單的句子開始,慢慢增加句子的複雜度。
例如,你可以這樣說:
- “I want to go to the movies, but I have to study.” (我想去看電影,但是我必須要唸書。)
- “She is working hard to become a doctor.” (她努力工作想成為一位醫生。)
- “I think it’s going to rain. I need to take an umbrella.” (我覺得要下雨了,我需要帶一把雨傘。)
持續學習:讓動詞成為你的好朋友
學英文是一個持續不斷的過程,不要害怕犯錯,勇敢地開口說,多聽多看,讓動詞成為你的好朋友。可以利用看電影、聽音樂、閱讀英文文章等方式,增加對動詞的熟悉度。
動詞列表:最常用的100個動詞
以下列出英文中最常用的100個動詞,你可以參考這個列表,練習造句和運用。
- Be (am, is, are, was, were, been, being)
- Have (has, had, having)
- Do (does, did, doing, done)
- Say (says, said, saying)
- Get (gets, got, getting, gotten)
- Make (makes, made, making)
- Go (goes, went, going, gone)
- Know (knows, knew, knowing, known)
- Take (takes, took, taking, taken)
- See (sees, saw, seeing, seen)
- Come (comes, came, coming)
- Think (thinks, thought, thinking)
- Look (looks, looked, looking)
- Want (wants, wanted, wanting)
- Give (gives, gave, giving, given)
- Use (uses, used, using)
- Find (finds, found, finding)
- Tell (tells, told, telling)
- Ask (asks, asked, asking)
- Work (works, worked, working)
- Seem (seems, seemed, seeming)
- Feel (feels, felt, feeling)
- Try (tries, tried, trying)
- Leave (leaves, left, leaving)
- Call (calls, called, calling)
- Become (becomes, became, becoming)
- Put (puts, put, putting)
- Mean (means, meant, meaning)
- Keep (keeps, kept, keeping)
- Let (lets, let, letting)
- Begin (begins, began, beginning, begun)
- Help (helps, helped, helping)
- Show (shows, showed, showing, shown)
- Hear (hears, heard, hearing)
- Play (plays, played, playing)
- Run (runs, ran, running)
- Move (moves, moved, moving)
- Live (lives, lived, living)
- Believe (believes, believed, believing)
- Bring (brings, brought, bringing)
- Happen (happens, happened, happening)
- Write (writes, wrote, writing, written)
- Sit (sits, sat, sitting)
- Stand (stands, stood, standing)
- Lose (loses, lost, losing)
- Pay (pays, paid, paying)
- Meet (meets, met, meeting)
- Include (includes, included, including)
- Continue (continues, continued, continuing)
- Set (sets, set, setting)
- Learn (learns, learned, learning)
- Change (changes, changed, changing)
- Lead (leads, led, leading)
- Understand (understands, understood, understanding)
- Watch (watches, watched, watching)
- Follow (follows, followed, following)
- Stop (stops, stopped, stopping)
- Create (creates, created, creating)
- Speak (speaks, spoke, speaking, spoken)
- Read (reads, read, reading)
- Allow (allows, allowed, allowing)
- Add (adds, added, adding)
- Spend (spends, spent, spending)
- Grow (grows, grew, growing, grown)
- Open (opens, opened, opening)
- Walk (walks, walked, walking)
- Win (wins, won, winning)
- Offer (offers, offered, offering)
- Remember (remembers, remembered, remembering)
- Consider (considers, considered, considering)
- Appear (appears, appeared, appearing)
- Buy (buys, bought, buying)
- Wait (waits, waited, waiting)
- Serve (serves, served, serving)
- Die (dies, died, dying)
- Send (sends, sent, sending)
- Expect (expects, expected, expecting)
- Build (builds, built, building)
- Stay (stays, stayed, staying)
- Fall (falls, fell, falling, fallen)
- Cut (cuts, cut, cutting)
- Reach (reaches, reached, reaching)
- Kill (kills, killed, killing)
- Raise (raises, raised, raising)
- Pass (passes, passed, passing)
- Sell (sells, sold, selling)
- Require (requires, required, requiring)
- Report (reports, reported, reporting)
- Decide (decides, decided, deciding)
- Pull (pulls, pulled, pulling)
- Return (returns, returned, returning)
- Explain (explains, explained, explaining)
- Hope (hopes, hoped, hoping)
- Develop (develops, developed, developing)
- Carry (carries, carried, carrying)
- Support (supports, supported, supporting)
- Drive (drives, drove, driving, driven)
- Receive (receives, received, receiving)
- Choose (chooses, chose, choosing, chosen)
- Deal (deals, dealt, dealing)
這份列表只是個起點,英文的世界還有很多有趣的動詞等著你去探索!加油!