英文字根cap
在英文單字裡，字根 cap 是個很有趣的存在。它源自拉丁文的 capere，意思是「抓取、拿取、擁有」，這個「抓」不一定是字面上的動作，也可以是心理或抽象的「掌握」、「理解」、「控制」。只要你知道這個概念，就能輕鬆看出很多單字的共同點，也更容易記得單字。下面整理了 30 個跟 cap 有關的英文單字，讓你一次掌握住這個字根的精華。
1. capture
動詞／名詞：捕捉、俘虜、奪得
The police captured the thief after a long chase.
警察經過一番追逐後抓到了小偷。That photo captured the beauty of the sunset perfectly.
那張照片完美地捕捉到夕陽的美。She managed to capture everyone’s attention with her performance.
她的表演成功吸引了大家的注意力。
2. capacity
名詞：容量、能力、容納量
This elevator has a capacity of 10 people.
這部電梯的載客量是 10 人。She has the capacity to become a great leader.
她有成為優秀領導者的能力。The theater was filled to full capacity.
戲院完全坐滿了人。
3. capable
形容詞：有能力的、能勝任的
He is capable of solving this problem.
他有能力解決這個問題。She’s a very capable manager.
她是一位非常能幹的經理。I don’t think he’s capable of lying.
我不認為他會說謊。
4. incapacity
名詞：無能力、無法做某事
Due to his physical incapacity, he couldn’t continue the job.
因為身體不便，他無法繼續工作。Her mental incapacity was a concern during the trial.
審判期間她的心理狀況令人擔憂。Incapacity to love is sometimes a result of past trauma.
無法去愛有時是過去創傷造成的。
5. recap
動詞／名詞：重述、摘要、回顧
Let me recap the main points of the meeting.
我來簡要回顧一下會議的重點。The teacher gave a quick recap before the quiz.
老師在測驗前簡短複習了一下。Can you recap what happened yesterday?
你可以幫我複述昨天發生了什麼事嗎？
6. capitalize
動詞：利用、大寫字母表示、投資
You should capitalize on this opportunity.
你應該好好利用這個機會。Please capitalize the first letter of each sentence.
請將每個句子的第一個字母大寫。The company capitalized on the trend to expand its market.
公司藉著這波潮流擴大了市場。
7. decapitate
動詞：斬首、砍頭
The ancient king ordered to decapitate the traitor.
古代國王下令將叛徒斬首。In some horror movies, characters get decapitated.
有些恐怖片裡角色會被砍頭。The executioner decapitated the criminal with a single stroke.
劊子手一刀砍下罪犯的頭。
8. captivate
動詞：迷住、吸引
Her singing captivated the audience.
她的歌聲迷住了觀眾。He was captivated by her smile.
他被她的笑容吸引。The book captivated me from the first page.
這本書從第一頁開始就吸引住我了。
9. captive
形容詞／名詞：被關住的、俘虜
The soldiers were taken captive during the battle.
士兵在戰鬥中被俘虜了。He felt like a captive in his own home.
他覺得自己像被囚禁在家裡一樣。The zoo keeps many animals in captive conditions.
動物園將許多動物圈養。
10. captivity
名詞：囚禁、束縛
The bird escaped from captivity.
那隻鳥逃離了囚籠。After years of captivity, the prisoners were finally freed.
囚禁多年後，那些囚犯終於被釋放。Some animals are born in captivity and never see the wild.
有些動物生於圈養，從未見過野外。
11. recapture
動詞：重新捕獲、重新奪回
The police recaptured the escaped convict.
警方重新逮捕了逃獄犯。The army recaptured the lost territory.
軍隊奪回了失土。She tried to recapture the feeling of her youth.
她試圖找回年輕時的感覺。
12. accept
動詞：接受、同意、承認
I can’t accept this gift, it’s too expensive.
我不能收下這個禮物，太貴重了。He accepted the job offer.
他接受了這份工作。You have to accept the truth.
你必須接受事實。
13. intercept
動詞：攔截、阻擋
The police intercepted the smuggled goods.
警方攔截了走私貨物。He tried to intercept the message before it was delivered.
他試圖在訊息送達前攔截它。The missile was intercepted by the defense system.
飛彈被防禦系統攔截。
14. deception
名詞：欺騙、詭計
She was hurt by his deception.
她被他的欺騙傷害了。Deception is common in spy stories.
間諜故事常常出現欺騙。He used deception to get what he wanted.
他靠欺騙達到自己的目的。
15. concept
名詞：概念、想法
The concept of freedom is difficult to define.
自由的概念難以定義。She explained the concept in simple words.
她用簡單的話解釋這個概念。It’s a new concept in modern design.
這是現代設計中的新概念。
16. perception
名詞：感知、看法
Her perception of the event is different from mine.
她對這件事的看法和我不同。Human perception can be easily fooled.
人的感知很容易被欺騙。He has good perception of people’s emotions.
他對人的情緒很敏感。
17. anticipate
動詞：預期、預料
I didn’t anticipate such a strong reaction.
我沒預料會有這麼強烈的反應。We anticipate growth in sales next quarter.
我們預期下一季銷售會成長。She anticipated his next move.
她預測到了他接下來的動作。
18. exception
名詞：例外
There’s an exception to every rule.
每個規則都有例外。Everyone passed the test, with one exception.
除了一人，全班都通過考試。No exceptions will be made.
不會有例外。
19. acceptability
名詞：可接受性
The acceptability of the offer was discussed.
大家討論了這個提案是否可以接受。Cultural values influence the acceptability of behavior.
文化價值觀會影響行為的可接受程度。The food’s taste affected its acceptability.
味道會影響這道菜的接受度。
20. susceptible
形容詞：易受影響的
Children are more susceptible to cold viruses.
小孩比較容易感染感冒病毒。He’s very susceptible to flattery.
他很容易被奉承話影響。The crops are susceptible to drought.
這些作物容易受乾旱影響。
21. conception
名詞：構想、懷孕
The project is still in the early stages of conception.
這個計畫還在構想初期。Her conception of justice is unique.
她對正義的看法很特別。Conception happens when the sperm meets the egg.
當精子與卵子結合時就會懷孕。
22. misperception
名詞：錯誤的認知
There’s a common misperception about introverts.
大家對內向者常有錯誤認知。His actions were based on a misperception.
他的行為是基於誤解。The news corrected the public misperception.
新聞更正了公眾的錯誤認知。
23. emancipation
名詞：解放、釋放
The Emancipation Proclamation ended slavery.
解放宣言終結了奴隸制度。She fought for the emancipation of women.
她為女性解放而戰。Emancipation brought a new era.
解放帶來了一個新時代。
24. captor
名詞：捕獲者、劫持者
The captor tied his hands tightly.
劫持者把他的手綁得很緊。She managed to escape from her captor.
她設法從劫持者手中逃脫。The captor demanded a ransom.
劫持者要求贖金。
25. capacious
形容詞：容量大的、寬敞的
She carried a capacious handbag.
她帶了一個大容量的手提包。The room was capacious and well-lit.
房間寬敞又明亮。A capacious memory can hold lots of information.
記憶力強大可以容納很多資訊。
26. preconception
名詞：先入為主的觀念
He has a preconception about teenagers.
他對青少年有先入為主的偏見。Try to let go of your preconceptions.
試著放下你的偏見。The study challenges many preconceptions.
這項研究挑戰了許多既定印象。
27. incipient
形容詞：初期的、剛出現的
The incipient stage of the disease is hard to detect.
疾病的初期不容易發現。He had incipient feelings of doubt.
他開始產生一絲疑慮。The incipient changes were subtle.
初期的變化非常細微。
28. captious
形容詞：吹毛求疵的、挑剔的
He’s always so captious during meetings.
他開會時總是很挑剔。Don’t be so captious, it’s not a big deal.
別那麼愛挑毛病，沒那麼嚴重啦。The review was captious and unfair.
評論太過挑剔且不公平。
29. captor
名詞：俘虜者
The captor refused to release the hostages.
俘虜者拒絕釋放人質。She negotiated with her captor to stay alive.
她跟俘虜者談判以求生存。The captor’s identity remained unknown.
俘虜者的身分不明。
30. recapitulate
動詞：概括、重述重點
Let me recapitulate the key points again.
讓我再重述一下重點。The speaker recapitulated the previous arguments.
演講者簡要地重述了之前的論點。In conclusion, she recapitulated the entire discussion.
最後她概括了整場討論。