
英文字根dict
「dict」這個字根源自拉丁文「dicere」,意思是「說」、「講話」、「宣告」。這個字根是許多英文字彙的核心,基本上都跟說話、陳述或命令有關。從「dict」衍生出來的字,無論是日常會話還是正式書寫,都非常常見。了解這些字能幫助我們在閱讀和寫作時更快抓住詞義和用法。以下分享30個以「dict」為字根的單字,並附上例句與詞彙說明,讓大家更輕鬆掌握。
1. dictate
詞彙說明:意為「口述」、「命令」或「支配」,指透過說話來控制或決定事情。
- The teacher dictated the notes to the students.
老師口述筆記給學生們。 - The manager dictated the terms of the contract.
經理命令合約條款。 - Technology seems to dictate how we spend our time.
科技似乎支配著我們如何安排時間。
2. dictionary
詞彙說明:指「字典」,一種收錄詞語並說明其意義、發音、用法的工具書。
- I looked up the new word in the dictionary.
我在字典裡查了那個新單字。 - A good dictionary helps improve your vocabulary.
一本好的字典能幫助你增加詞彙量。 - She bought an English-Chinese dictionary for her studies.
她買了一本英漢字典用來學習。
3. predict
詞彙說明:意指「預測」或「預言」,根據現有資訊對未來做出判斷。
- Meteorologists predict heavy rain tomorrow.
氣象學家預測明天會下大雨。 - It’s hard to predict the outcome of the game.
很難預測比賽結果。 - Experts predicted the market would recover soon.
專家預測市場很快會復甦。
4. verdict
詞彙說明:指「裁決」或「判決」,特別是法庭上的判決結果。
- The jury delivered a guilty verdict.
陪審團做出了有罪判決。 - After hours of discussion, the verdict was announced.
經過數小時討論後,判決結果被宣布。 - The verdict surprised many people.
這個判決讓很多人感到驚訝。
5. contradict
詞彙說明:表示「反駁」、「與…矛盾」,意思是說話或陳述內容互相抵觸。
- His actions contradict his words.
他的行為與他的話矛盾。 - The witness contradicted the defendant’s story.
證人反駁了被告的說法。 - Evidence contradicts the theory.
證據與這個理論相矛盾。
6. dictation
詞彙說明:指「聽寫」或「口述」,通常用於語言學習或考試。
- The teacher gave a dictation exercise.
老師安排了一次聽寫練習。 - She practiced dictation to improve her listening skills.
她練習聽寫來提升聽力。 - The students wrote down the dictation carefully.
學生們仔細地寫下口述內容。
7. addict
詞彙說明:指「上癮者」,也可作動詞用,表示「使上癮」。
- He is an addict to video games.
他是電玩遊戲的癮君子。 - Many people are addicted to social media.
許多人對社群媒體上癮。 - The drug addict sought help to quit.
那個毒癮者尋求幫助戒癮。
8. benediction
詞彙說明:指「祝福」或「祈禱」,常見於宗教儀式。
- The priest gave a benediction at the end of the ceremony.
神父在儀式結束時祝福大家。 - They received a benediction before starting the journey.
他們在出發前獲得了祝福。 - The benediction brought peace to the congregation.
這個祝福為會眾帶來了平安。
9. jurisdiction
詞彙說明:意指「司法權」或「管轄權」,某一法院或機關的權力範圍。
- This case falls under the jurisdiction of the local court.
這個案件屬於地方法院的管轄範圍。 - The police have jurisdiction over this area.
警察對這個地區擁有管轄權。 - Jurisdiction issues complicated the trial.
管轄權問題使審判變得複雜。
10. indictment
詞彙說明:指「起訴書」,正式控告某人犯罪的法律文件。
- The grand jury issued an indictment against the suspect.
大陪審團對嫌疑人提出起訴。 - The indictment lists several charges.
起訴書列出多項指控。 - After the indictment, the trial date was set.
起訴後,審判日期被定下。
11. predictability
詞彙說明:指「可預測性」,事情被預測的可能程度。
- The predictability of the weather helps farmers plan their crops.
天氣的可預測性幫助農民計劃作物。 - The movie’s predictability made it less exciting.
電影太容易預測,讓人覺得不刺激。 - High predictability can sometimes reduce creativity.
過高的可預測性有時會降低創意。
12. edict
詞彙說明:指「法令」、「公告」,官方頒布的命令。
- The king issued an edict banning the practice.
國王發布法令禁止該行為。 - The government released a new edict on public health.
政府發布了關於公共衛生的新公告。 - Citizens were required to follow the edict.
公民必須遵守該法令。
13. valedictorian
詞彙說明:指「畢業致詞學生」,通常是成績最優異的學生。
- The valedictorian gave a moving speech at graduation.
畢業致詞學生在畢業典禮上發表了感人的演講。 - She was honored as the valedictorian of her class.
她被尊為班上的畢業致詞學生。 - The valedictorian thanked teachers and family.
畢業致詞學生感謝了老師和家人。
14. dictum
詞彙說明:指「格言」或「權威性言論」,常用於法律或哲學領域。
- The judge’s dictum became a guiding principle.
法官的格言成為指導原則。 - His famous dictum is often quoted.
他的名言經常被引用。 - The dictum reflects the judge’s legal philosophy.
這句格言反映了法官的法律理念。
15. predictability
詞彙說明:指「可預測性」,事件發生的可預見程度。
- The predictability of the plot was disappointing.
劇情的可預測性令人失望。 - Weather predictability helps with travel plans.
天氣的可預測性有助於旅行安排。 - Increased predictability can lead to boredom.
過度的可預測性可能導致無聊。
16. contradictor
詞彙說明:指「反駁者」,經常提出反對意見的人。
- He is known as a stubborn contradictor in debates.
他在辯論中以固執的反駁者著稱。 - The contradictor challenged every claim made.
反駁者挑戰了所有的說法。 - Sometimes being a contradictor can lead to progress.
有時候成為反駁者可以促進進步。
17. dictatorial
詞彙說明:形容詞,意指「獨裁的」、「專橫的」。
- The boss had a dictatorial management style.
老闆有著獨裁的管理風格。 - Dictatorial leaders often ignore others’ opinions.
獨裁領導者常常忽視別人的意見。 - Employees felt oppressed by the dictatorial rules.
員工覺得被專橫的規則壓迫。
18. addictiveness
詞彙說明:名詞,指某事物「令人上癮的特質」。
- The addictiveness of the game surprised many players.
遊戲的上癮性讓很多玩家驚訝。 - Companies study addictiveness to design better products.
公司研究上癮性來設計更好的產品。 - Addictiveness can be harmful if not controlled.
若不控制,上癮性可能有害健康。
19. dictaphone
詞彙說明:指「錄音機」或「口述機」,用來錄下說話內容。
- She used a dictaphone to record the interview.
她用錄音機錄下訪談內容。 - The lawyer played back the dictaphone to check details.
律師播放錄音機錄音以確認細節。 - Dictaphones help professionals take notes quickly.
錄音機幫助專業人士快速做筆記。
20. contradictory
詞彙說明:形容詞,表示「矛盾的」或「互相抵觸的」。
- Their stories were contradictory and confusing.
他們的說法矛盾且令人困惑。 - Contradictory evidence made the case difficult.
矛盾的證據使案件變得困難。 - Avoid making contradictory statements in your report.
避免在報告中提出矛盾的陳述。
21. dictator
詞彙說明:指「獨裁者」,掌握絕對權力的人。
- The dictator ruled the country with an iron fist.
獨裁者以鐵腕統治國家。 - People protested against the dictator’s harsh policies.
人民抗議獨裁者的嚴酷政策。 - History remembers many notorious dictators.
歷史記住了許多臭名昭著的獨裁者。
22. valediction
詞彙說明:指「告別詞」或「離別演說」。
- The professor gave a heartfelt valediction at retirement.
教授在退休時發表了感人的告別詞。 - She wrote a valediction to her friends before moving abroad.
她在出國前寫了一封給朋友的告別信。 - Valedictions often express gratitude and good wishes.
告別詞常表達感謝與祝福。
23. prediction
詞彙說明:指「預言」或「預測」,對未來事件的判斷。
- The prediction about the economy turned out to be accurate.
關於經濟的預測結果準確。 - Predictions help businesses prepare for changes.
預測幫助企業準備變化。 - Some people believe in predictions from fortune tellers.
有些人相信算命師的預言。
24. contradistinction
詞彙說明:指「對比」、「明顯的差異」。
- The two ideas are presented in contradistinction to each other.
這兩個想法被明顯對比呈現。 - Contradistinction highlights differences clearly.
對比可以清楚地凸顯差異。 - The author used contradistinction to emphasize themes.
作者用對比強調主題。
25. addictiveness
詞彙說明:指「成癮性」或「上癮的特質」。
- The addictiveness of chocolate makes it hard to resist.
巧克力的成癮性讓人難以抗拒。 - Studies show the addictiveness of certain apps.
研究顯示某些應用程式的成癮性。 - Awareness of addictiveness helps people control habits.
了解成癮性有助於控制習慣。
26. edictal
詞彙說明:形容詞,與「法令」或「公告」有關的。
- The edictal announcement was published in the newspaper.
法令公告刊登在報紙上。 - Edictal provisions regulate public behavior.
法令條款規範公共行為。 - The city council issued edictal rules for noise control.
市議會發布了噪音控制的法令規則。
27. predictiveness
詞彙說明:指「預測能力」或「預測準確度」。
- The predictiveness of the model was tested thoroughly.
模型的預測能力經過徹底測試。 - High predictiveness helps in decision-making.
高預測準確度有助於決策。 - Scientists strive to improve predictiveness of forecasts.
科學家努力提升預報的準確性。
28. indictable
詞彙說明:形容詞,指「可被起訴的」,法律上有罪名成立的。
- The suspect was charged with indictable offenses.
嫌疑人被控可被起訴的罪行。 - Indictable crimes are considered more serious.
可被起訴的罪行被視為較嚴重。 - Lawyers reviewed the indictable charges carefully.
律師仔細審查了可被起訴的指控。
29. dictum
詞彙說明:指「正式言論」或「宣言」,尤其在法律語境中。
- The judge’s dictum clarified the legal issue.
法官的言論澄清了法律問題。 - Dictums often influence future court decisions.
言論常影響未來法院判決。 - Legal scholars analyze important dictums.
法律學者分析重要的言論。
30. diction
詞彙說明:指「措辭」或「發音」,在說話和寫作中選用詞語的方式。
- Her clear diction made the speech easy to understand.
她清晰的發音讓演講易於理解。 - Poets pay attention to diction to create mood.
詩人注意措辭來營造氣氛。 - Good diction is important for public speaking.
良好的發音對公開演講很重要。
這些字都是從「dict」這個字根衍生出來的,每個字都帶著「說話」或「命令」的意味,不管是口述、預測、判決還是宣告,都和「說」密不可分。了解這些單字,不僅能幫助你在學習英語時理解詞義,也能在日常生活和專業場合中更精準地表達。希望這些例句和說明能讓你在語言學習路上更加順利。