
英文字根dur
當我們看到英文裡的「dur」這個字根時,其實是在面對一個來自拉丁文 durare,意思是「持續」、「堅硬」、「持久」的強大詞源。這個字根構成了許多跟「耐久」、「堅持」有關的英文單字,無論是在日常對話還是學術文章中都相當常見。這篇文章整理了30個與「dur」字根相關的單字,每一個單字都會附上詞彙說明與三個例句(含中文翻譯),幫助你用台灣常見語境理解並記憶。
1. durable
形容詞,耐用的,持久的。來自字根 dur(持久)+ able(能夠的)。
The company produces durable goods like washing machines and refrigerators.
這家公司生產像洗衣機和冰箱這類耐用商品。
This jacket is made of durable material and will last for years.
這件外套使用耐用的材料製成,可以穿好幾年。
We need a more durable solution to this recurring problem.
我們需要一個更持久的解決方案來處理這個一再發生的問題。
2. endurance
名詞,忍耐、持久力。來自 endure 的名詞型。
His endurance during the marathon amazed everyone.
他在馬拉松比賽中的耐力讓所有人驚訝。
Studying for the bar exam takes a lot of mental endurance.
準備律師考試需要很大的心理耐力。
The team showed great endurance under pressure.
這支隊伍在壓力下展現了極強的耐力。
3. duration
名詞,持續時間。表示某件事情進行的長度。
The duration of the film is about two and a half hours.
這部電影的片長大約是兩個半小時。
He stayed for the entire duration of the seminar.
他整場研討會都待到了最後。
During the duration of the storm, all flights were canceled.
暴風期間,所有航班都被取消。
4. endure
動詞,忍受、持續存在。是「dur」字根最常見的形式之一。
She endured the pain without complaining.
她默默忍受了疼痛,沒有抱怨。
These traditions have endured for centuries.
這些傳統已經延續了好幾個世紀。
We had to endure the heat during the hike.
我們在健行時得忍受高溫。
5. indurate
動詞,使堅硬或麻木。in-(進入)+ dur(堅硬)。
The harsh environment indurated his character.
嚴酷的環境使他的性格變得堅強。
Repeated trauma had indurated her emotions.
長期的創傷讓她的情緒變得麻木。
The clay will indurate after being left in the sun.
這黏土曬太陽後會變硬。
6. durability
名詞,耐久性,長壽命。
Durability is an important factor in choosing a backpack.
選擇背包時,耐用性是一個重要的考量。
The durability of this phone is impressive.
這支手機的耐久性令人印象深刻。
They tested the product’s durability under extreme conditions.
他們在極端條件下測試產品的耐久性。
7. obdurate
形容詞,頑固的,冷酷的。ob(反對)+ dur(堅硬)= 頑硬的。
The manager remained obdurate in his refusal to change the policy.
經理堅決拒絕改變政策。
She was obdurate in her decision to stay.
她堅決決定留下。
His obdurate attitude made negotiations difficult.
他頑固的態度讓談判變得困難。
8. perdurable
形容詞,極其持久的,長存的。per(完全)+ durable。
The pyramids are considered perdurable monuments of ancient civilization.
金字塔被認為是古代文明永久存在的紀念物。
Their love seemed perdurable in spite of all obstacles.
即使面對所有困難,他們的愛依然長存。
Art can be perdurable when it resonates through generations.
當藝術跨世代產生共鳴時,它可以是長存的。
9. indurated
形容詞,硬化的、麻木的,來自 indurate 的過去分詞。
The skin on his hands was indurated from years of labor.
他雙手的皮膚因多年勞動而變得堅硬。
Her indurated heart no longer felt compassion.
她那顆麻木的心已不再有同情心。
The soil was indurated and difficult to dig.
這土壤已硬化,難以挖掘。
10. duress
名詞,脅迫、強迫。雖然拼法稍異,也源自 dur。
He confessed under duress.
他是在脅迫下認罪的。
The contract was signed under duress.
這份合約是在被強迫的情況下簽署的。
They denied that the witness was under duress.
他們否認證人是受到威脅的。
11. during
介係詞,在⋯期間內。雖然屬常用詞,也與 dur 有關。
I fell asleep during the movie.
我在電影播到一半時睡著了。
No one spoke during the ceremony.
典禮期間沒有人說話。
We traveled a lot during our summer vacation.
暑假期間我們去了很多地方。
12. endurable
形容詞,可忍受的。來自 endure。
The pain was bad but endurable.
那疼痛雖然強烈,但還可以忍受。
We had an endurable amount of work this week.
我們這週的工作量還可以忍受。
This heat is barely endurable.
這樣的熱幾乎讓人受不了。
13. durance
名詞,監禁、禁錮。古英語用法,與 endurance 同源。
He was held in durance for many years.
他被關押了多年。
Legends tell of a knight in durance vile.
傳說中有位騎士被囚禁於惡劣之處。
The castle had a chamber used for durance.
這座城堡裡有個用來關人的房間。
14. indurative
形容詞,具有使堅硬或使麻木作用的。
The indurative effects of war can be long-lasting.
戰爭造成的麻木效果可能會持續很久。
This cream has an indurative property on the skin.
這種藥膏有讓皮膚變硬的作用。
Psychological trauma may lead to indurative behavior.
心理創傷可能導致麻木行為。
15. durative
形容詞,持續性的,語言學上用於描述非瞬間發生的動作。
The verb “read” is a durative verb.
「閱讀」這個動詞屬於持續性動詞。
We studied durative actions in our linguistics class.
我們在語言學課上學到持續性動作。
Durative events contrast with punctual events.
持續性事件與瞬間事件相對。