
英文字根 fort
學英文單字有時候不一定要靠死背,其實從字根來找感覺會更有效率。像這篇要介紹的 fort 字根,就是從拉丁文 fortis 來的,意思就是強壯、力量、堅強。不只跟肌肉有關,也可以延伸到意志力、信仰、防禦等等。以下我整理了 30 個跟 fort 有關的單字,讓大家從例句中慢慢感受這個字根的魔力,順便擴充你的單字庫。
fortify
We need to fortify our immune system during flu season.
在流感季節,我們需要加強免疫系統。
She fortified herself with a cup of strong coffee.
她喝了一杯濃咖啡提神。
They built walls to fortify the town.
他們築牆來加強小鎮防禦。
→ fortify 是「加強、防禦」的意思,不管是身體、心理或建築都用得上。
fortitude
He showed great fortitude during the crisis.
他在危機中展現了極大的堅毅。
You need fortitude to run a marathon.
跑馬拉松需要堅強的意志力。
Her quiet fortitude impressed everyone.
她默默的堅忍讓大家佩服。
→ fortitude 指的是內心的力量,像是忍耐力或毅力,不能少。
comfort
A warm blanket gives me comfort on cold nights.
在寒冷的夜晚,一條溫暖的毯子給我安慰。
She finds comfort in music.
她從音樂中獲得慰藉。
He spoke words of comfort to her.
他對她說了幾句安慰的話。
→ comfort 雖然看起來不像「力量」,但其實是「一起變強」的感覺。
discomfort
This chair causes me discomfort.
這張椅子讓我坐得不舒服。
She showed signs of emotional discomfort.
她表現出情緒上的不安。
The heat created general discomfort.
高溫讓人普遍感到不適。
→ discomfort 就是 comfort 的相反,指的是各種「不舒服」。
effort
He made a great effort to improve his grades.
他很努力提升成績。
Winning requires both talent and effort.
贏得比賽需要天分也要努力。
I appreciate your effort.
我感激你的努力。
→ effort 是「出力、努力」的意思,是用力氣去完成某件事。
force
The wind blew with great force.
風非常猛烈地吹著。
They used force to open the door.
他們用力氣打開門。
Love is a powerful force.
愛是一種強大的力量。
→ force 就是力量、作用力,也是物理學常見單字。
reinforce
We need to reinforce our team.
我們需要加強團隊。
The bridge was reinforced with steel.
這座橋用鋼鐵加固。
She reinforced her point with evidence.
她用證據加強她的論點。
→ reinforce 就是再加強、強化某件事,讓它更穩更強。
fortress
The ancient fortress still stands today.
那座古老的堡壘至今仍屹立不搖。
They retreated into the fortress.
他們退守到堡壘裡。
The mountain is like a natural fortress.
那座山像是天然的堡壘。
→ fortress 是防禦力超強的「堡壘」,有保護作用的概念。
forte
Cooking is not my forte.
煮飯不是我的強項。
Math is definitely his forte.
數學絕對是他的強項。
Singing is her forte.
唱歌是她的拿手絕活。
→ forte 在英文中代表「擅長的事」,有點像「個人最強技能」。
comforting
Her voice was comforting.
她的聲音讓人感到安慰。
He gave her a comforting hug.
他給了她一個安慰的擁抱。
The soup was warm and comforting.
這碗湯溫暖又療癒。
→ comforting 是形容詞,代表「讓人有安全感」的那種溫暖。
fortified
Fortified cereal contains added vitamins.
強化穀片含有添加的維他命。
The castle was heavily fortified.
城堡有強大的防禦設施。
She felt fortified after the nap.
小睡後她感覺精力充沛。
→ fortified 是被加強的狀態,可以是營養、能量、防禦力。
enforce
The police enforce the law.
警察負責執行法律。
The rule is strictly enforced.
這項規則被嚴格執行。
Teachers enforce classroom discipline.
老師們維持教室秩序。
→ enforce 是「強制執行」的意思,有一種用力量去實現規則的概念。
effortless
She makes dancing look effortless.
她跳舞看起來毫不費力。
His style is effortlessly cool.
他的風格自然又有型。
Speaking English became effortless for her.
對她來說說英文已變得輕鬆自如。
→ effortless 是「毫不費力」的,通常是技巧熟練到自然的那種境界。
forceful
He made a forceful argument.
他提出了有力的論點。
Her personality is very forceful.
她的個性非常強勢。
The wind was forceful.
風非常強勁。
→ forceful 指的是「強而有力的」,不論是語言、動作或個性都能用。
discomforting
The news was discomforting.
這則消息讓人不安。
His words were discomforting.
他說的話令人不舒服。
There was a discomforting silence.
氣氛中瀰漫著令人不安的沉默。
→ discomforting 是製造「不安感」或讓人不舒服的形容詞。
forcefully
She spoke forcefully about the issue.
她有力地發表意見。
He pushed the door forcefully.
他用力推門。
The team played forcefully.
這隊打得很有氣勢。
→ forcefully 是副詞,用來形容動作的「力度」。
fortnight
They stayed for a fortnight.
他們住了兩個星期。
I’ll see you in a fortnight.
我們兩週後見。
She visited every fortnight.
她每兩週來一次。
→ fortnight 是「兩週」的意思,雖然比較英式,但常在小說或旅遊文看到。
comfort zone
She stepped out of her comfort zone.
她走出了自己的舒適圈。
Learning new things means leaving your comfort zone.
學習新東西代表要離開舒適圈。
He lives entirely in his comfort zone.
他完全活在自己的舒適圈裡。
→ comfort zone 是心理用語,指你覺得安全、熟悉、不冒險的空間。
discomforted
He looked discomforted by the question.
這個問題讓他看起來不自在。
She was discomforted by the noise.
她被噪音搞得不舒服。
I felt discomforted during the meeting.
會議中我感到不自在。
→ discomforted 是過去式,有點像「被打擾、被弄得不安」的感覺。
effortlessness
There’s a grace in her effortlessness.
她的自然流暢很優雅。
He handled the task with effortlessness.
他輕鬆完成這個任務。
The performance was a display of effortlessness.
那場表演展現了毫不費力的自然。
→ effortlessness 是一種狀態,達到「看起來很輕鬆」的程度。
fortify oneself
She fortified herself before the big test.
她在大考前做足準備。
He fortified himself with positive thoughts.
他用正面想法讓自己更強壯。
I need to fortify myself mentally.
我需要在心理上變強。
→ fortify oneself 是讓自己準備好、變得更強壯。
fortified wine
She served a glass of fortified wine.
她倒了一杯加烈酒。
Fortified wine has added alcohol.
加烈酒是指加了酒精的葡萄酒。
Port is a type of fortified wine.
波特酒是一種加烈葡萄酒。
→ fortified wine 是葡萄酒種類的一種,強度也比較高。
force of habit
He locked the door out of force of habit.
他習慣性地鎖了門。
She replied politely by force of habit.
她出於習慣禮貌地回答。
It’s just the force of habit.
那只是習慣使然。
→ force of habit 是「習慣的力量」,有點像下意識動作。
make an effort
Please make an effort to be on time.
請盡力準時到。
He made an effort to smile.
他努力擠出笑容。
They’re making an effort to improve.
他們正努力改善中。
→ make an effort 是努力去做某事的片語。
fortissimo
The song ended fortissimo.
這首歌以極強音結束。
The orchestra played fortissimo.
管弦樂團奏出極強的音量。
Suddenly, everything turned fortissimo.
突然之間,全場聲音變得極強。
→ fortissimo 是音樂術語,表示非常強的音量。
強的概念其實離我們不遠,從心理、語氣、建築、語法到食物和音樂,fort 這個字根默默地存在我們日常英文中。希望這一串單字的例句和解釋,不只幫你補充詞彙,也讓你更有「語感上的強度」。有時候,真正的力量不是在外面,而是在你說話的方式、理解的深度和學習的態度裡。