grat 這個字根來自拉丁文「gratus」,意思是「令人愉悅的、感激的」,衍伸出許多與「感激、恩惠、愉快、獎勵」有關的字。這類單字常出現在生活對話、正式演說或書信中,是英語中相當實用的一個字根。
gratitude
詞義:感激、感恩的心情
I expressed my gratitude with a handwritten letter.
我用一封手寫信表達了我的感激之情。
She was full of gratitude for the support she received.
她對收到的支持充滿感激。
Gratitude turns what we have into enough.
感激讓我們所擁有的一切變得足夠。
grateful
詞義:感激的、心懷感恩的
I’m grateful for your kindness.
我對你的善意心懷感激。
He felt grateful to be alive after the accident.
經歷車禍後他對還活著這件事感激不已。
We are deeply grateful for your help.
我們對你的幫助深深感謝。
ingrate
詞義:忘恩負義的人
Don’t be an ingrate—she helped you a lot.
別當個忘恩負義的人——她幫了你很多。
He was labeled an ingrate after he criticized his mentor.
他批評了指導老師後被說是個忘恩負義的人。
Nobody likes dealing with an ingrate.
沒有人喜歡跟不知感恩的人打交道。
gratis
詞義:免費的、無償的
They offered drinks gratis at the event.
活動現場提供免費飲料。
The artist gave out her prints gratis.
這位藝術家免費贈送自己的版畫作品。
Admission is gratis for all children under five.
五歲以下兒童免門票。
gratify
詞義:使滿足、使高興
The praise gratified her immensely.
那份讚美讓她非常開心。
He was gratified by the positive feedback.
他對正面的回饋感到滿足。
It’s gratifying to know your work is appreciated.
知道自己的努力被欣賞真讓人高興。
gratification
詞義:滿足、喜悅
Shopping brought her temporary gratification.
購物讓她暫時感到滿足。
He delayed gratification for long-term success.
他延遲享樂以追求長遠的成功。
Gratification isn’t always instant—it takes time.
滿足不一定馬上來,有時需要等待。
congratulation
詞義:祝賀、道喜
Congratulations on your graduation!
恭喜你畢業了!
He received warm congratulations from everyone.
他收到大家熱烈的祝賀。
She sent him a card of congratulation.
她寄了一張賀卡給他表達祝福。
congratulate
詞義:祝賀、恭喜
Let me congratulate you on your promotion.
恭喜你升職!
They congratulated each other after the victory.
勝利後他們互相道賀。
I called her to congratulate her on the new job.
我打電話恭喜她的新工作。
gratuity
詞義:小費、賞金
The waiter received a generous gratuity.
服務生收到一筆大方的小費。
A 10% gratuity is included in the bill.
帳單已含10%服務費。
He left a small gratuity for the hotel staff.
他給飯店人員留了一點小費。
gratuitous
詞義:無償的;不必要的、多餘的
His comment was completely gratuitous.
他的評論完全沒必要。
They gave us gratuitous advice.
他們給了我們免費的建議。
Avoid gratuitous violence in films.
避免電影中的多餘暴力。
grating
詞義:刺耳的、令人惱怒的
Her voice had a grating quality.
她的聲音聽起來刺耳。
The grating sound annoyed everyone.
那個刺耳的聲音讓大家都不耐煩。
I found his tone increasingly grating.
我覺得他的語氣越來越惱人。
ingratiate
詞義:討好、迎合
He tried to ingratiate himself with the boss.
他試圖討好老闆。
She ingratiated herself by bringing coffee every morning.
她每天早上帶咖啡來博取好感。
Don’t ingratiate yourself too much—it looks fake.
別太過討好,會讓人覺得假。
ingratitude
詞義:忘恩負義、不知感恩
His ingratitude shocked everyone.
他的忘恩負義讓大家震驚。
She couldn’t believe his ingratitude.
她無法相信他的不知感恩。
There’s nothing worse than ingratitude.
沒什麼比忘恩負義更令人心寒。
ungrateful
詞義:不知感恩的
That was an ungrateful response.
那是個不懂感恩的回應。
He sounded ungrateful when he complained.
他抱怨的語氣讓人覺得不知感恩。
Don’t be ungrateful—at least they tried to help.
別這麼不知感恩——他們至少嘗試幫忙了。
grace
詞義:優雅;恩典;寬限期
She moved with grace and confidence.
她動作優雅自信。
He asked for a grace period to repay the debt.
他請求一段寬限期來還債。
We are saved by grace, not merit.
我們得救是靠恩典,不是功勞。
gracious
詞義:親切的、和藹的
She was gracious to everyone at the party.
她在派對上對每個人都很親切。
The host was very gracious and accommodating.
主人非常親切好客。
He accepted the apology in a gracious manner.
他很大方地接受了道歉。
disgrace
詞義:恥辱、丟臉
Cheating brought disgrace to his name.
作弊讓他名譽掃地。
He lived in disgrace after the scandal.
醜聞後他活在羞恥中。
That behavior is a disgrace to the team.
那種行為是團隊的恥辱。
disgraceful
詞義:可恥的、丟臉的
His actions were disgraceful.
他的行為很丟臉。
It’s disgraceful how they treated him.
他們那樣對待他實在太可恥了。
Such disgraceful conduct must not be tolerated.
這種可恥的行為不能容忍。
ungraceful
詞義:不優雅的、笨拙的
He made an ungraceful exit from the stage.
他笨拙地離開舞台。
Her dance moves were rather ungraceful.
她的舞步相當不優雅。
Despite his strength, his movements were ungraceful.
雖然他力氣大,但動作卻很笨拙。
gracefulness
詞義:優雅、婉約
She carries herself with natural gracefulness.
她天生就很有氣質。
The ballet was full of gracefulness.
這場芭蕾舞表演充滿優雅。
Gracefulness is more than appearance—it’s an attitude.
優雅不只是外表,而是一種態度。
graciousness
詞義:親切、有禮
I admire her graciousness under pressure.
我佩服她在壓力下仍能親切待人。
He thanked us with graciousness.
他懷著禮貌地感謝我們。
Their graciousness made us feel welcome.
他們的親切讓我們備感歡迎。
gracefulness
詞義:再現,反覆出現的優雅
The performance had a repeating gracefulness.
表演中展現出反覆的優雅。
Even her handwriting shows gracefulness.
連她的字跡都很有美感。
The sculpture has an eternal gracefulness.
那雕像散發出永恆的優雅。
gratuities
詞義:小費(複數),額外報酬
Tour guides often rely on gratuities.
導遊常靠小費過活。
Please remember to leave gratuities.
請記得給小費。
Gratuities are not mandatory, but they are appreciated.
小費不是強制的,但大家會感激。
gratified
詞義:感到滿足的、心滿意足的
He felt gratified by the results.
他對成果感到心滿意足。
We were gratified to see her success.
看到她成功我們很高興。
Her words made me feel gratified.
她的話讓我很欣慰。
ingratiation
詞義:迎合、取悅
His ingratiation seemed obvious.
他的討好太明顯了。
She disliked his constant ingratiation.
她不喜歡他一直在討好。
Ingratiation can sometimes backfire.
討好有時可能適得其反。
gratuity-free
詞義:不含小費的、不需給小費的
This restaurant is gratuity-free.
這間餐廳不收小費。
A gratuity-free service may mean higher prices.
不收小費的服務可能價格更高。
I prefer gratuity-free cafes—it’s less awkward.
我偏好不收小費的咖啡廳,比較自在。
gratifyingly
詞義:令人欣慰地、令人滿足地
She smiled gratifyingly at the applause.
她在掌聲中露出欣慰的笑容。
The results turned out gratifyingly well.
結果令人滿意。
He nodded gratifyingly as they clapped.
當大家鼓掌時他滿意地點頭。
thankless
詞義:不被感謝的、吃力不討好的
Parenting is often a thankless job.
養育孩子常是吃力不討好的工作。
He did all the hard work, but it was thankless.
他做了所有辛苦的事卻沒人感激。
Some roles in life are simply thankless.
人生中有些角色註定吃力不討好。
grace note
詞義:裝飾音、附加美感的小細節
She added a grace note to the melody.
她為旋律加上一個裝飾音。
That kind gesture was a grace note in our day.
那個貼心的小舉動讓我們整天都暖暖的。
The painting had many grace notes in its details.
那幅畫在細節處展現許多美感。
graciously
詞義:和藹地、親切地
He graciously accepted the invitation.
他親切地接受了邀請。
She smiled graciously at the guests.
她和藹地對賓客微笑。
They graciously offered us a ride.
他們親切地載我們一程。