
英文字根 log
字根 “log” 源自希臘文 logos,意思是「話語」、「理性」、「學說」等。這個字根在英文中衍生出許多和「說話」、「談論」、「記錄」、「研究某個學科」有關的詞彙。舉凡語言的表達、記錄的過程,乃至對某件事的研究與學理,都可以找到這個字根的身影。這篇文章將以輕鬆的方式介紹30個與 log 有關的單字,每個都附上詞義與三句生活化例句,幫助你快速建立語感與記憶點。
1. apology
詞義:道歉;辯解;正式的致歉或為某事辯護
- She offered a sincere apology for missing the meeting.
她真誠地為錯過會議道歉。 - His apology didn’t seem genuine to anyone in the room.
在場的人都覺得他的道歉不真誠。 - The company issued an official apology after the incident.
公司在事件後發出正式道歉聲明。
2. monologue
詞義:獨白;一個人長時間說話
- The actor delivered a powerful monologue on stage.
那位演員在舞台上演出了一段震撼人心的獨白。 - His endless monologue bored everyone at dinner.
他那沒完沒了的獨白讓大家吃飯時都快睡著了。 - She was lost in a monologue about her new cat.
她陷入對新貓的自言自語中。
3. dialogue
詞義:對話;交流
- The movie is famous for its witty dialogue.
這部電影以機智的對話著稱。 - We need more open dialogue between departments.
部門之間需要更多開放的對話。 - They engaged in a meaningful dialogue about mental health.
他們進行了一場關於心理健康的深度對話。
4. epilogue
詞義:(小說、劇本的)尾聲,尾聲
- The book’s epilogue revealed the hero’s fate.
小說的尾聲揭示了主角的命運。 - In the epilogue, she described her journey after graduation.
在最後她描述了畢業後的生活歷程。 - The movie had a touching epilogue showing their future.
電影的尾聲很感人,展現他們的未來生活。
5. prologue
詞義:序言,開場白
- The novel’s prologue was set 20 years before the main story.
小說的序言設定在主線故事的二十年前。 - The actor stepped forward to deliver the prologue.
那名演員上前說出開場白。 - The prologue hinted at the mystery to come.
序言暗示了接下來的懸疑情節。
6. logbook
詞義:航海日誌、記錄本
- The captain carefully updated the ship’s logbook every day.
船長每天細心更新航海日誌。 - Please write today’s maintenance notes in the logbook.
請把今天的維修記錄寫在日誌裡。 - He found an old logbook from World War II in the attic.
他在閣樓發現一本二戰時期的舊日誌。
7. logic
詞義:邏輯;推理
- Her argument lacked basic logic.
她的論點缺乏基本邏輯。 - I can’t follow your logic on this matter.
這件事我無法理解你的推論。 - The logic behind the system is quite simple.
這系統背後的邏輯其實很簡單。
8. logical
詞義:合邏輯的;合理的
- That’s a logical conclusion based on the facts.
這是根據事實得出的合理結論。 - It’s only logical to save money for emergencies.
儲蓄應急資金是很合理的做法。 - His plan is logical but hard to implement.
他的計畫雖合理但難以執行。
9. eulogy
詞義:悼詞;讚詞
- She gave a heartfelt eulogy at her grandmother’s funeral.
她在奶奶的葬禮上致上深情的悼詞。 - The mayor delivered a touching eulogy for the late artist.
市長為那位已故藝術家發表動人的讚詞。 - His eulogy highlighted the best moments of her life.
他的悼詞回顧了她人生中最美好的片段。
10. catalog
詞義:目錄;商品清單
- I received a furniture catalog in the mail.
我收到一份家具型錄。 - The museum has a detailed catalog of its collection.
博物館有其收藏品的詳細目錄。 - She browsed the clothing catalog online.
她在網路上瀏覽服裝型錄。
11. analog
詞義:類比的;對應的事物
- Analog clocks show time with hands, not digits.
類比時鐘是用指針顯示時間,不是數字。 - Some prefer the warmth of analog music.
有人偏好類比音樂的溫暖音色。 - Vinyl records are analog, not digital.
黑膠唱片是類比格式,不是數位。
12. dialogue
(已出現,略)
13. decalog
詞義:十誡;十條基本原則
- The religious decalog is displayed on the church wall.
宗教的十誡展示在教堂牆上。 - The company follows its own decalog of ethics.
公司遵守自己訂下的十大倫理原則。 - He wrote a personal decalog to guide his daily life.
他寫了一份個人十誡來指引自己的生活。
14. ideologue
詞義:意識形態信奉者;理論家
- He’s an ideologue who refuses to see opposing views.
他是個死守意識形態的人,無法接受不同觀點。 - The party was led by a group of ideologues.
這個政黨由一群理論家領導。 - Ideologues often ignore practical solutions.
意識形態狂熱者常忽略實際解法。
15. neologism
詞義:新詞;新字用法
- “Selfie” is a neologism that became popular quickly.
「自拍」是迅速流行的新詞。 - Neologisms often emerge with new technology.
科技發展常催生新詞。 - Linguists study neologisms to understand language change.
語言學家研究新詞以了解語言變遷。
16. theological
詞義:神學的
- He studied theological texts at university.
他在大學學習神學著作。 - Their debate became very theological in tone.
他們的爭論帶有濃厚的神學色彩。 - The book explores theological questions of morality.
這本書探討有關道德的神學問題。
17. geology
詞義:地質學
- She majored in geology and loves rocks.
她主修地質學,熱愛岩石。 - Taiwan’s geology makes it prone to earthquakes.
台灣的地質條件使其容易發生地震。 - They conducted a geology survey before construction.
他們在施工前進行地質調查。
18. biology
詞義:生物學
- Biology helps us understand living organisms.
生物學幫助我們了解生物。 - I have a biology test tomorrow.
我明天有生物考試。 - He’s writing a thesis on marine biology.
他正在寫一篇有關海洋生物學的論文。
19. psychology
詞義:心理學
- She wants to study psychology to help others.
她想讀心理學幫助別人。 - Psychology explains how people think and feel.
心理學解釋人們的思考與感受。 - He’s interested in sports psychology.
他對運動心理學感興趣。
20. anthropology
詞義:人類學
- Anthropology examines human cultures and history.
人類學研究人類文化與歷史。 - She traveled the world for her anthropology research.
她為了人類學研究走遍世界。 - Anthropology helps us understand different societies.
人類學幫助我們理解不同社會。
21. zoology
詞義:動物學
- Zoology is the scientific study of animals.
動物學是研究動物的科學。 - He works at a zoo because he loves zoology.
他因熱愛動物學而在動物園工作。 - She’s writing a paper on insect zoology.
她正在撰寫一篇關於昆蟲動物學的論文。
22. technology
詞義:科技;技術
- Modern technology has changed our lives.
現代科技改變了我們的生活。 - He’s interested in green technology.
他對綠色科技感興趣。 - The company invests heavily in new technology.
這家公司大量投資於新科技。
23. mythology
詞義:神話;神話學
- Greek mythology is full of fascinating stories.
希臘神話充滿奇幻故事。 - He loves studying Norse mythology.
他熱衷於研究北歐神話。 - Mythology reflects a culture’s values and beliefs.
神話反映一個文化的價值觀與信仰。
24. terminology
詞義:術語;專業用語
- Medical terminology can be hard to understand.
醫學術語很難理解。 - Each field has its own specific terminology.
每個領域都有其專門術語。 - The contract was full of legal terminology.
合約裡滿是法律術語。
25. chronology
詞義:時間順序;年代學
- The book presents events in chronological order.
書中按照時間順序呈現事件。 - We created a chronology of the project.
我們建立了這個專案的時間表。 - Understanding chronology helps us study history better.
掌握時間順序有助於更好地學習歷史。
26. astrology
詞義:占星學
- She checks her astrology chart every morning.
她每天早上都查看星座圖。 - Some people don’t believe in astrology.
有些人不相信占星學。 - Astrology suggests that Virgos are detail-oriented.
占星學說處女座很注重細節。
27. criminology
詞義:犯罪學
- He’s studying criminology to become a detective.
他讀犯罪學想當偵探。 - Criminology examines the causes of crime.
犯罪學探討犯罪的原因。 - She gave a lecture on modern criminology theories.
她演講主題是現代犯罪學理論。
28. physiology
詞義:生理學
- Physiology explains how the body works.
生理學解釋人體如何運作。 - He’s taking a course on exercise physiology.
他正在上運動生理學課。 - Physiology differs from anatomy.
生理學和解剖學不同。
29. pathology
詞義:病理學
- Pathology helps doctors diagnose diseases.
病理學協助醫生診斷疾病。 - The lab sent the sample for pathology testing.
實驗室將樣本送病理檢查。 - She specializes in cancer pathology.
她專攻癌症病理學。
30. theology
詞義:神學
- He spent years studying Christian theology.
他花了多年研究基督教神學。 - Theology debates often explore the meaning of life.
神學辯論常討論生命的意義。 - The course includes readings from various theological texts.
課程涵蓋各類神學文獻的閱讀。
這30個字都圍繞著「說話、學科、理性、記錄」的概念,無論你是語言學習者還是對字源有興趣的人,都能在這些單字中發現語言的邏輯與美感。