英文字根 mort
英文字根 mort 源自拉丁文 mors, mortis，意為「死亡」。這個字根出現在許多與死亡、消逝、終止有關的英文單字中，也常延伸出與害怕、羞辱、終結等抽象概念。以下整理出30個與 mort 有關的英文單字，每個單字皆附上詞彙說明與三個例句與中文翻譯，幫助記憶與理解。
mortal
形容詞，凡人的，會死的；致命的
例句：
He realized he was only a mortal after the accident.
他在事故後才意識到自己只是凡人。
We are all mortal and must face death eventually.
我們都是會死的，終究要面對死亡。
That was a mortal wound; he couldn’t survive.
那是一個致命傷，他無法存活。immortal
形容詞，不死的，不朽的
例句：
The myth speaks of immortal gods.
神話中講的是不死的神祇。
Shakespeare’s works are considered immortal.
莎士比亞的作品被認為是不朽的。
She dreamed of becoming an immortal legend.
她夢想成為一個不朽的傳奇。mortality
名詞，死亡率；終有一死的狀態
例句：
The infant mortality rate has dropped significantly.
嬰兒死亡率大幅下降。
He was deeply aware of his own mortality.
他深刻意識到自己的終有一死。
War increases the general mortality of a region.
戰爭會提升一個地區的總體死亡率。immortality
名詞，不死，不朽
例句：
Many emperors sought immortality through magic.
許多皇帝試圖藉由巫術獲得不死。
Fame is a kind of immortality.
名聲是一種不朽。
The vampire was cursed with immortality.
那吸血鬼受到不死的詛咒。mortuary
名詞，停屍間，殯儀館
例句：
The body was taken to the mortuary.
遺體被送到了殯儀館。
He worked part-time at the local mortuary.
他在當地的殯儀館兼職工作。
They held a brief service at the mortuary.
他們在殯儀館舉行了簡短的儀式。mortician
名詞，殯葬業者
例句：
The mortician prepared the body for the funeral.
殯葬業者為喪禮準備遺體。
She studied to become a licensed mortician.
她讀書取得合法的殯葬師資格。
The mortician tried to comfort the grieving family.
殯葬業者試圖安慰悲傷的家屬。mortify
動詞，使羞愧，使痛苦；抑制
例句：
He was mortified by his mistake.
他因為自己的錯誤感到羞愧。
She mortifies her desires through fasting.
她透過禁食來抑制慾望。
I was mortified when I forgot my lines on stage.
我在台上忘詞時感到非常丟臉。mortification
名詞，羞辱，屈辱；節欲
例句：
Her public mortification was hard to watch.
她在公眾前的羞辱讓人難以直視。
The monks practiced mortification of the flesh.
修士們實行肉體的節制。
His failure was a source of mortification.
他的失敗成了他的羞辱。postmortem
形容詞／名詞，驗屍的；事後檢討
例句：
A postmortem revealed the cause of death.
驗屍顯示了死因。
We did a postmortem on the failed project.
我們對失敗的專案進行了事後檢討。
The postmortem showed signs of foul play.
驗屍報告顯示有他殺跡象。remorse
名詞，懊悔，自責
例句：
He felt deep remorse for his actions.
他對自己的行為感到深深的懊悔。
She showed no sign of remorse.
她毫無悔意。
Tears of remorse ran down his cheeks.
懊悔的淚水從他臉頰滑落。remorseful
形容詞，懊悔的，自責的
例句：
The remorseful thief returned the stolen item.
那位懊悔的小偷歸還了贓物。
He gave a remorseful apology.
他懊悔地道歉。
She looked genuinely remorseful.
她看起來真的很懊悔。memento mori
名詞，死亡提醒物；警惕死亡的象徵
例句：
The skull was a memento mori on his desk.
書桌上的骷髏是死亡提醒物。
Artists often include memento mori in their work.
藝術家常在作品中加入死亡提醒元素。
He wore a ring as a memento mori.
他戴著戒指作為警醒死亡的象徵。mortmain
名詞，死手權（指財產長久為法人如教會持有）
例句：
The estate remained in mortmain for centuries.
這筆地產數百年來都屬於教會。
The law restricted lands held in mortmain.
法律限制死手權持有的土地。
Mortmain prevented inheritance by individuals.
死手權讓個人無法繼承財產。mortuary science
名詞，殯葬學
例句：
She majored in mortuary science.
她主修殯葬學。
Mortuary science involves anatomy and embalming.
殯葬學包含了解剖學與防腐術。
There is growing interest in mortuary science.
對殯葬學的興趣日益增加。mortgagor
名詞，抵押人（貸款人）
例句：
The mortgagor agreed to the repayment terms.
抵押人同意了還款條件。
The mortgagor defaulted on the loan.
抵押人未能如期還款。
Each mortgagor must provide proof of income.
每位抵押人都必須提供收入證明。mortgagee
名詞，抵押權人（貸款機構）
例句：
The mortgagee initiated foreclosure proceedings.
抵押權人開始進行法拍程序。
The mortgagee holds the title until the loan is paid.
在貸款還清前，抵押權人持有產權。
The mortgagee must approve the property transfer.
產權轉移需經抵押權人同意。amortize
動詞，攤還（債務）
例句：
They plan to amortize the loan over ten years.
他們打算在十年內攤還貸款。
The costs will be amortized monthly.
成本將按月攤還。
She chose to amortize her mortgage early.
她選擇提早攤還房貸。amortization
名詞，攤還，攤銷
例句：
The amortization schedule was clear.
攤還時間表很清楚。
Software costs are often subject to amortization.
軟體費用常需攤銷。
They reviewed the amortization report.
他們查看了攤還報告。mortiferous
形容詞，致命的，帶來死亡的
例句：
The poison was mortiferous in small doses.
這種毒藥即使微量也致命。
The disease had a mortiferous effect.
這種疾病具有致命影響。
He was bitten by a mortiferous snake.
他被一條致命的蛇咬了。moribund
形容詞，垂死的，衰退的
例句：
The industry is moribund and needs revival.
這個產業正處於衰退，需要振興。
He was moribund when help arrived.
當援助抵達時，他已奄奄一息。
The company is in a moribund state.
公司正處於垂死邊緣。mortuary chapel
名詞，靈堂
例句：
The family gathered in the mortuary chapel.
家人聚集在靈堂裡。
They lit candles in the mortuary chapel.
他們在靈堂中點上蠟燭。
A service was held in the mortuary chapel.
在靈堂舉行了一場儀式。mort cloth
名詞，覆屍布
例句：
The mort cloth was draped over the coffin.
覆屍布蓋在棺材上。
She embroidered the mort cloth by hand.
她親手繡了覆屍布。
The mort cloth was black with silver trim.
這覆屍布是黑色配銀邊。mortuary tablet
名詞，靈位牌
例句：
They bowed before the mortuary tablet.
他們在靈位牌前鞠躬。
The mortuary tablet was placed on the altar.
靈位牌被放在神桌上。
A photo was placed beside the mortuary tablet.
靈位牌旁邊擺了一張遺照。mort bell
名詞，喪鐘
例句：
The mort bell rang solemnly through the town.
喪鐘莊嚴地在鎮上回響。
Villagers paused as the mort bell tolled.
喪鐘響起時村民們停下腳步。
The mort bell marked the funeral hour.
喪鐘敲響喪禮時辰。mortalize
動詞，使成為凡人
例句：
The hero was mortalized in the legend.
傳說中那位英雄被描寫成凡人。
The goddess was mortalized by a curse.
女神被詛咒變成凡人。
To mortalize a god is to challenge fate.
讓神變成凡人是挑戰命運。mortuary customs
名詞，殯葬習俗
例句：
Different cultures have unique mortuary customs.
不同文化有不同的殯葬習俗。
He studied the mortuary customs of ancient Egypt.
他研究古埃及的殯葬習俗。
The documentary explored tribal mortuary customs.
那部紀錄片探討部落的殯葬習俗。mort d’ancestor
名詞，祖先死後遺產訴訟（法律用語）
例句：
The mort d’ancestor case went to court.
這起祖產訴訟上了法庭。
He filed a mort d’ancestor writ.
他提出了祖產訴訟申請。
The mort d’ancestor action concerned land.
這起祖產訴訟與土地有關。mortuary rites
名詞，喪葬儀式
例句：
They performed traditional mortuary rites.
他們舉行了傳統的喪葬儀式。
The mortuary rites lasted three days.
喪禮儀式持續了三天。
Every tribe has distinct mortuary rites.
每個部落都有獨特的喪葬儀式。mortuary mask
名詞，死者面具
例句：
The pharaoh’s mortuary mask was made of gold.
法老的死者面具是金製的。
She sculpted a mortuary mask for the exhibit.
她為展覽製作了一個死者面具。
Mortuary masks preserved the likeness of the dead.
死者面具保存了逝者的容貌。mortuarium
名詞，拉丁文詞源，指殯儀館、停屍所（較古用）
例句：
The body was kept in the mortuarium overnight.
遺體在殯儀所過夜。
Students toured the mortuarium for class.
學生為了課程參觀了殯儀所。
A silence filled the old mortuarium.
老舊的殯儀所裡瀰漫著靜默氣氛。