超愛學英文

英文字根plen

英文字根plen

英文中有許多單字看似毫無關聯,其實都源自相同的字根,只要掌握字根的意義,就像掌握了一把鑰匙,可以開啟更多單字的理解之門。今天要分享的字根是 **plen-**,意思是「滿的、完整的、充實的」。這個字根來自拉丁文 plenus,意思是「full」,跟「plenty(很多)」同源。下面我們就透過30個單字來深入了解「plen」這個字根如何貫穿各種單字的意義,每個單字都會搭配三個例句、中文翻譯與詞彙說明,幫助你把單字牢牢記在腦海裡。

  1. plenty(許多)
  • There’s plenty of food for everyone.(大家的食物都夠。)
  • We still have plenty of time.(我們還有很多時間。)
  • She has plenty of experience in marketing.(她在行銷方面經驗豐富。)

plenty 來自 plen,意思是充足、許多,常用來形容數量很多。

  1. plentiful(豐富的)
  • Apples are plentiful this year.(今年蘋果大豐收。)
  • Clean water is not always plentiful.(乾淨的水並不總是充裕的。)
  • He found a job where opportunities are plentiful.(他找到一份機會很多的工作。)

plentiful 描述「資源」或「物品」很充足,等於 abundant。

  1. plenitude(充足;豐富)
  • The garden was filled with a plenitude of flowers.(花園裡百花盛開。)
  • He lived in plenitude after retiring.(他退休後過著充實的生活。)
  • The report contains a plenitude of data.(報告中有豐富的資料。)

plenitude 強調一種充滿、圓滿的狀態,是比較正式的用語。

  1. plenary(完全的、全體的)
  • The issue will be discussed at the plenary session.(這議題將在全體會議上討論。)
  • He has plenary authority over the project.(他對這個專案擁有完全的權限。)
  • The plenary meeting starts at 10 a.m.(全體會議上午十點開始。)

plenary 指「無保留的」、「完全的」,也常見於「全體會議」這類正式用法。

  1. replenish(重新補滿)
  • She replenished the glass with water.(她把杯子再倒滿水。)
  • We need to replenish our supplies.(我們需要補充物資。)
  • After a long hike, we stopped to replenish our energy.(長途健行後,我們停下來補充體力。)

re- 表示「再次」,replenish 就是「再次讓某物變滿」。

  1. replenishment(補充、再填滿)
  • The replenishment of fresh air is important in a closed room.(密閉空間需要新鮮空氣的補充。)
  • Food replenishment occurs every morning.(每天早上都會補貨。)
  • They ordered the replenishment of medical supplies.(他們訂購了醫療物資的補充。)

replenishment 是 replenish 的名詞形式,用在物資、資源的補充上很常見。

  1. implement(實施、執行)
  • The government will implement the new policy next month.(政府下月將實施新政策。)
  • The system was never fully implemented.(這套系統從未真正落實。)
  • They implemented the plan with precision.(他們精確地執行了計畫。)

implement 原意與「讓事情變得完整」有關,現多用於「執行、實施」。

  1. implementation(實行、落實)
  • The implementation of the new system is scheduled for next week.(新系統下週實行。)
  • Implementation requires cooperation from all departments.(實行需要各部門合作。)
  • The policy faced several implementation challenges.(該政策在實施時遇到不少挑戰。)

implementation 是 implement 的名詞形式。

  1. complement(補足物、互補)
  • Her skills complement mine perfectly.(她的技能與我剛好互補。)
  • This wine is a perfect complement to the meal.(這瓶酒完美搭配這道菜。)
  • A good team has members who complement each other.(好團隊的成員之間能互相補足。)

com- 表「共同」,complement 是「使完整的事物或人」。

  1. complementary(互補的)
  • Their personalities are complementary.(他們的個性很互補。)
  • These two colors are complementary.(這兩種顏色是互補色。)
  • The software provides complementary features.(這套軟體提供互補的功能。)

complementary 形容兩個東西搭配起來更完整。

  1. supplement(補充物、補給)
  • She takes vitamin supplements daily.(她每天補充維他命。)
  • They offered evening classes as a supplement to the course.(他們開設夜間班作為課程補充。)
  • The book has a supplement with additional exercises.(書附有額外練習的補充教材。)

sup- 也是「下」或「加」的意思,補上不足的部分。

  1. supplementary(補充的)
  • Supplementary materials are available online.(補充教材可在線上取得。)
  • He received supplementary income from freelance work.(他靠接案獲得額外收入。)
  • The teacher gave us a supplementary handout.(老師給了我們補充講義。)

supplementary 是形容詞,用來描述補上不足的東西。

  1. deplete(耗盡)
  • The long war depleted the country’s resources.(長期戰爭耗盡國力。)
  • Running the heater all day depletes the battery.(整天開暖氣會耗盡電池電力。)
  • His energy was depleted after the race.(比賽後他精疲力竭。)

de- 表「去除」,deplete 就是「把滿的東西消耗光」。

  1. depletion(消耗、枯竭)
  • The depletion of oil reserves is a global concern.(石油儲量枯竭是全球問題。)
  • Ozone depletion affects the environment.(臭氧層的耗損影響環境。)
  • He suffered from nutrient depletion due to poor diet.(他因為飲食不良營養流失。)

depletion 是名詞,用來描述資源被用光的狀況。

  1. complete(完整的、完成)
  • I’ve completed my homework.(我完成作業了。)
  • The team completed the project on time.(團隊準時完成計畫。)
  • The collection is now complete.(收藏現在已經齊全。)

com- 表示「使……變滿」,complete 就是「使之完整」。

  1. completion(完成)
  • The completion of the building is expected next year.(大樓預計明年完工。)
  • We are nearing project completion.(我們即將完成這個專案。)
  • She celebrated the completion of her degree.(她慶祝學位完成。)

completion 是 complete 的名詞形式。

  1. accomplish(達成)
  • He accomplished all his goals.(他達成了所有目標。)
  • It’s amazing what she has accomplished.(她完成的事情讓人驚嘆。)
  • They accomplished the mission in record time.(他們破紀錄地完成任務。)

ac- 是變化型的 ad-(向),意思是「讓它完整」,也就是完成。

  1. accomplishment(成就)
  • Writing a novel is a major accomplishment.(寫小說是一項重大成就。)
  • Her accomplishments are impressive.(她的成就令人印象深刻。)
  • The award recognizes his lifetime accomplishments.(這獎是表揚他一生的成就。)

accomplishment 是 accomplish 的名詞。

  1. ample(充足的)
  • There’s ample room for everyone.(空間很足夠。)
  • We had ample time to prepare.(我們有充裕時間準備。)
  • He gave an ample explanation.(他給了一個詳盡的解釋。)

ample 也與「滿、充足」相關,語氣柔和一點。

  1. amplify(放大、擴大)
  • The speaker amplified the sound.(喇叭放大聲音。)
  • She amplified her concerns during the meeting.(她在會議中詳細說明她的疑慮。)
  • This article amplifies the earlier report.(這篇文章補充說明了早先的報導。)

amplify 來自 ample,加強程度變強。

  1. amplification(擴大、放大)
  • The amplification of noise was unexpected.(噪音擴大令人意外。)
  • We need amplification of these details.(我們需要對這些細節的補充說明。)
  • The device allows signal amplification.(這裝置可進行訊號放大。)

amplification 是 amplify 的名詞。

  1. fill(填滿)
  • Please fill the bottle with water.(請把瓶子裝滿水。)
  • The stadium was filled with cheering fans.(球場被歡呼的球迷塞滿了。)
  • He filled out the form.(他填寫了表格。)

fill 雖不是直接來自 plen,但意義緊密相關,也能幫助理解「滿」的概念。

  1. full(滿的)
  • The glass is full.(杯子滿了。)
  • My schedule is full today.(我今天排滿行程。)
  • She gave me her full attention.(她全神貫注地聽我說。)

full 為 plen 的對應現代英語詞,也是字根來源之一。

  1. inflate(充氣、膨脹)
  • They inflated the balloons.(他們把氣球吹起來了。)
  • The numbers were inflated.(數字被誇大了。)
  • His ego was inflated by the praise.(他因讚美而自滿。)

in-(進入)+flate(吹氣)=吹滿,也是讓東西變「滿」的概念。

  1. inflation(通貨膨脹、膨脹)
  • Inflation is affecting prices.(通膨影響物價。)
  • The inflation of grades is a concern.(成績膨脹是個問題。)
  • The balloon burst from over-inflation.(氣球因過度充氣而爆炸。)

inflation 是 inflate 的名詞,用在經濟和物理皆常見。

  1. satisfy(使滿意)
  • The meal satisfied my hunger.(這餐讓我吃得很滿足。)
  • The answer didn’t satisfy the teacher.(這答案沒讓老師滿意。)
  • His curiosity was satisfied.(他的好奇心得到滿足。)

satisfy 是「讓人感到充滿(滿意)」。

  1. satisfaction(滿意)
  • I got great satisfaction from finishing the book.(完成這本書讓我很有成就感。)
  • Customer satisfaction is our priority.(顧客滿意是我們的首要目標。)
  • She smiled in satisfaction.(她滿足地微笑。)

satisfaction 是 satisfy 的名詞。

  1. profuse(大量的、豐富的)
  • He offered profuse thanks.(他大力致謝。)
  • She was sweating profusely.(她汗流浹背。)
  • There was a profuse display of flowers.(花朵盛開,非常華麗。)

pro- 表「向前」,fuse 表「流出」,整體概念仍是「大量」。

  1. profusion(豐富、充沛)
  • The garden was a profusion of color.(花園色彩繽紛。)
  • He spoke in a profusion of words.(他說話滔滔不絕。)
  • The market has a profusion of options.(市場上選擇繁多。)

profusion 是 profuse 的名詞。

  1. populate(使充滿人口)
  • Immigrants populated the city.(移民讓城市充滿人口。)
  • The island is sparsely populated.(這座島人煙稀少。)
  • Many species populate this forest.(許多生物棲息於此森林中。)

populate 是來自「讓地方變得充滿人群」,延伸出居住、填滿人口的意思。


 
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 最後更新時間 2025-08-20 要更新請點這裡