
英文字根rupt
英文裡的字根有時候像一把打開詞彙寶藏的鑰匙,知道一個字根,等於學到一整串相關單字。今天這篇文章要帶你認識的,就是字根 rupt。這個字根來自拉丁文 rumpere,意思是「斷裂、爆裂、破壞」,只要看到有 rupt 的單字,基本上都跟「斷掉、破壞平衡」這類意思有關。不管是在生活中出現的「interrupt」(打斷)、新聞裡的「corrupt」(腐敗),還是形容人情緒的「erupt」(爆發),這個字根都藏在其中。
以下是整理出來的 30 個含有 rupt 的單字,每個都有簡單詞義解釋和三個生活化例句,希望你看完後會覺得這個字根超實用!
abrupt
(adj.)突然的;唐突的
- His abrupt departure shocked everyone.
他的突然離開讓大家很震驚。 - She gave an abrupt answer and walked away.
她很唐突地回答完就走了。 - The car came to an abrupt stop.
車子突然停了下來。
bankrupt
(adj.)破產的;無力償還的
- The company went bankrupt after years of bad management.
那家公司經過多年的糟糕管理後破產了。 - He’s morally bankrupt — he doesn’t care who he hurts.
他在道德上已經完全淪陷,根本不在乎傷害誰。 - They filed for bankruptcy last month.
他們上個月申請破產。
corrupt
(adj./v.)腐敗的;使腐化
- The official was arrested for corrupt practices.
那名官員因貪腐行為被逮捕。 - Power tends to corrupt people.
權力容易讓人腐化。 - The data file got corrupted.
那個資料檔案損毀了。
disrupt
(v.)擾亂;打斷
- The loud noise disrupted the class.
那個大聲音打斷了整堂課。 - Protesters disrupted the meeting.
抗議者打亂了會議進行。 - The typhoon disrupted transportation.
颱風造成交通混亂。
interrupt
(v.)打斷(說話、行動)
- Don’t interrupt when someone is speaking.
別在別人講話時插嘴。 - I was interrupted by a phone call.
我被一通電話打斷了。 - The movie was interrupted by a power outage.
電影因停電而中斷。
erupt
(v.)爆發;噴出
- The volcano erupted suddenly.
火山突然爆發了。 - Laughter erupted from the crowd.
群眾爆出笑聲。 - Anger erupted when the truth was revealed.
當真相揭曉時,大家情緒爆炸。
rupture
(n./v.)破裂;斷裂
- The pipe ruptured and caused a flood.
水管破裂引發淹水。 - A rupture in the relationship was unavoidable.
這段關係破裂已經無法避免。 - He suffered a rupture while lifting weights.
他舉重時導致肌肉拉裂。
incorruptible
(adj.)不腐敗的;廉潔的
- We need incorruptible leaders.
我們需要廉潔的領導人。 - She’s known for being incorruptible.
她以廉潔著稱。 - The system must be built to be incorruptible.
這個制度必須設計得不容易被腐化。
corruption
(n.)貪污;腐敗
- Corruption is a big problem in politics.
貪污是政治中很嚴重的問題。 - The scandal exposed deep corruption.
這樁醜聞揭露了深層貪腐。 - They’re investigating corruption in the police force.
他們正在調查警方內部的腐敗。
eruption
(n.)爆發;噴發
- The eruption of the volcano destroyed the village.
火山爆發摧毀了整個村莊。 - There was an eruption of violence after the verdict.
判決出來後爆發了暴力事件。 - Her face broke out in a sudden eruption of pimples.
她臉上突然長了一堆痘痘。
interruption
(n.)中斷;打擾
- There was an interruption in the signal.
訊號出現中斷。 - Sorry for the interruption.
不好意思打擾了。 - Unexpected interruptions ruin my workflow.
突如其來的打斷會毀掉我的工作節奏。
disruption
(n.)混亂;瓦解
- COVID-19 caused major disruption worldwide.
新冠疫情在全球造成嚴重混亂。 - The strike caused disruption in services.
罷工導致服務中斷。 - Digital disruption is changing industries.
數位顛覆正在改變各行各業。
ruptured
(adj./v.)破裂的;撕裂的(常用在身體或管線)
- He had a ruptured appendix.
他的盲腸破裂了。 - The dam ruptured under pressure.
壩在壓力下破了。 - Their friendship ruptured after the argument.
吵架後他們的友誼也裂開了。
irrupt
(v.)突然闖入;湧入
- Birds irrupted into the field.
鳥群突然湧入田野。 - Fans irrupted onto the stage.
粉絲突然衝上舞台。 - The crowd irrupted into the store on Black Friday.
黑色星期五人潮湧入店內。
irruption
(n.)突然闖入;爆發
- The irruption of fans caused panic.
粉絲的突然衝入引發恐慌。 - An irruption of emotions overwhelmed him.
情緒突然爆發讓他招架不住。 - The irruption of birds surprised the farmers.
鳥群突然闖入讓農夫措手不及。
corruptible
(adj.)容易腐化的;易被賄賂的
- Some judges are corruptible.
有些法官容易被收買。 - We need laws that prevent corruptible systems.
我們需要防止系統腐化的法律。 - Children are impressionable and sometimes corruptible.
小孩很容易受影響,甚至被帶壞。
bankruptcy
(n.)破產
- They declared bankruptcy last year.
他們去年宣布破產。 - Bankruptcy doesn’t always mean failure.
破產不一定是失敗。 - He’s trying to recover from bankruptcy.
他正努力從破產中重建。
uninterrupted
(adj.)不中斷的;連續的
- I need three hours of uninterrupted focus.
我需要三小時不被打擾的專注時間。 - The livestream was uninterrupted.
直播過程沒有中斷。 - We enjoyed an uninterrupted conversation.
我們有了一段不中斷的聊天時光。
self-destruct
(v.)自我毀滅;自爆(雖然不是rupt,但內含rupt破壞概念)
- The robot was programmed to self-destruct.
那台機器人被設計成會自我毀滅。 - He tends to self-destruct under pressure.
他壓力一大就會自我崩潰。 - The message will self-destruct in 5 seconds.
這訊息五秒後會自動銷毀。
constructive disruption
(phr.)有建設性的破壞
- Startups often bring constructive disruption.
新創公司常帶來有建設性的顛覆。 - We need constructive disruption, not chaos.
我們需要有意義的顛覆,而不是混亂。 - Constructive disruption helps drive innovation.
有建設性的打破有助於創新。
如果你有注意到,這些詞雖然看起來不同,但只要掌握「rupt=破裂」這個核心概念,再搭配字首(像是inter-、dis-、cor-、ab-),幾乎都能推敲出大致意思。用這種方式學英文單字,既有邏輯,又不容易忘。下次看到新單字,不妨試試這招,搞不好你也能自己猜出意思喔!