
英文字根sed
當我們看到英文字裡有 sed、sid 或 sess 這類詞根時,其實都和「坐」這個動作有關。這個詞源來自拉丁文的 sedere,意思就是「to sit」。很多英文單字從這個字根衍伸出來,不只是字面上真的在「坐」,也有引申為「安置」、「停留」、「穩定」、「議會」等概念。不知不覺,我們每天都會接觸到這些詞,無論是學習、會議、還是日常對話裡。這裡整理了三十個與 sed 字根相關的單字,每一個都附上三個例句與解釋,讓你輕鬆理解又能活用。
1. preside
詞義:主持、掌管(會議或組織)
- She will preside over the company’s annual meeting.(她將主持公司的年度會議。)
- The principal presides at the morning assembly.(校長主持早晨的集會。)
- A judge presides in the courtroom.(法官主持法庭。)
2. resident
詞義:居民;常駐的
- The residents were evacuated after the earthquake.(地震後居民被疏散。)
- She is a resident doctor at the hospital.(她是那家醫院的住院醫師。)
- That building only allows residents to park.(那棟建築只允許居民停車。)
3. session
詞義:會議、課程、集會
- The training session will begin at 2 PM.(訓練課程下午兩點開始。)
- The therapy session helped her a lot.(那次治療課對她幫助很大。)
- Parliament held a special session.(國會召開特別會議。)
4. sedentary
詞義:久坐不動的
- A sedentary lifestyle can lead to health problems.(久坐不動的生活方式會導致健康問題。)
- He has a sedentary job as a programmer.(他從事的是需要久坐的程式設計師工作。)
- Sedentary habits are hard to break.(久坐的習慣很難改。)
5. reside
詞義:居住;定居
- They reside in Taipei.(他們住在台北。)
- The power resides in the people.(權力存在於人民之中。)
- She now resides abroad.(她目前住在國外。)
6. supersede
詞義:取代;接替
- Email has superseded fax in most offices.(電子郵件在多數辦公室已取代傳真。)
- The old system will soon be superseded.(舊系統很快就會被取代。)
- His method supersedes traditional approaches.(他的方法取代了傳統方式。)
7. subsidy
詞義:補助金;津貼
- The government provides a housing subsidy.(政府提供住房補助。)
- Farmers receive subsidies for their crops.(農民獲得農作物補貼。)
- The theater relies on public subsidy.(這家劇院依賴公家補助運作。)
8. assiduous
詞義:勤奮的;努力不懈的
- She is an assiduous student.(她是個勤奮的學生。)
- He worked with assiduous attention to detail.(他專注細節地努力工作。)
- Their assiduous research led to a breakthrough.(他們努力的研究帶來突破。)
9. dissident
詞義:異議分子;持不同政見的人
- The dissident was jailed for his views.(那位異議者因言論被監禁。)
- Dissidents often face persecution.(異議分子常常遭受迫害。)
- The government silenced dissident voices.(政府壓制了異議聲音。)
10. sediment
詞義:沉澱物
- The tea left some sediment at the bottom.(茶葉在杯底留下些沉澱物。)
- Sediment builds up in rivers over time.(沉積物會在河流中累積。)
- You should clean the sediment from the tank.(你應該清除水槽裡的沉澱物。)
11. subside
詞義:平息;減退
- The storm finally subsided.(暴風終於平息了。)
- Her anger subsided after a while.(她的怒氣過一會兒就消退了。)
- The floodwaters slowly subsided.(洪水慢慢退去。)
12. subsidiary
詞義:附屬公司;附屬的
- That’s a subsidiary of a large corporation.(那是某大公司的子公司。)
- The main company owns several subsidiaries.(母公司擁有數家子公司。)
- This issue is subsidiary to the main concern.(這議題只是主要問題的附屬。)
13. reside
詞義:居住
- She resides near the coast.(她住在海邊附近。)
- Rights reside with the citizens.(權利屬於人民。)
- The data resides in the cloud.(資料儲存在雲端。)
14. sedate
詞義:使鎮定;鎮靜的
- The nurse sedated the patient before surgery.(護士在手術前讓病人鎮定。)
- He lived a sedate life in the countryside.(他在鄉下過著安穩的生活。)
- She remained sedate even in a crisis.(即使在危機中她也保持鎮定。)
15. insidious
詞義:陰險的;暗中危害的
- Cancer is an insidious disease.(癌症是一種潛伏性的疾病。)
- He was betrayed by an insidious friend.(他被一位陰險的朋友背叛了。)
- The virus has an insidious spread.(病毒的傳播很隱匿。)
16. sedition
詞義:煽動叛亂
- He was arrested for sedition.(他因煽動叛亂被捕。)
- Sedition laws are controversial.(煽動法很具爭議。)
- The speech was accused of sedition.(那場演講被指控煽動。)
17. obsidian
詞義:黑曜石(一種火山岩)
- The knife was made of obsidian.(這把刀是黑曜石製成的。)
- Obsidian was used in ancient tools.(黑曜石在古代用於製作工具。)
- The statue had eyes of obsidian.(雕像有黑曜石般的眼睛。)
18. sedentary
詞義:久坐的
- Office jobs are often sedentary.(辦公室工作通常很久坐。)
- He developed back pain from a sedentary routine.(他因久坐而腰痛。)
- Sedentary habits can harm your health.(久坐的習慣會傷身。)
19. assiduity
詞義:勤奮;專注
- Her assiduity impressed the teacher.(她的勤奮讓老師印象深刻。)
- Success comes from patience and assiduity.(成功來自耐心與勤奮。)
- He approached his job with assiduity.(他以專注的態度面對工作。)
20. seance
詞義:招魂會;靈媒儀式
- They held a seance to contact spirits.(他們舉行招魂會與靈交流。)
- A medium led the seance.(一位靈媒主持了儀式。)
- The room was dark during the seance.(招魂會進行時房間一片漆黑。)
21. residue
詞義:殘留物
- There was some residue in the cup.(杯子裡有些殘留物。)
- Pesticide residue on fruits can be harmful.(水果上的農藥殘留可能有害。)
- Wipe off any residue before reuse.(重複使用前要擦掉殘渣。)
22. seducer
詞義:引誘者;誘惑者
- He was known as a smooth seducer.(他以風流誘惑者聞名。)
- The movie portrays him as a heartless seducer.(電影中他被描寫為無情的引誘者。)
- She avoided the charms of the seducer.(她抵抗了那個引誘者的魅力。)
23. dissidence
詞義:異議;不一致
- Political dissidence is suppressed in some regimes.(某些政權會打壓政治異議。)
- She expressed dissidence within the party.(她在黨內表達不同意見。)
- His dissidence led to expulsion.(他的異議使他被開除。)
24. seductress
詞義:女誘惑者
- She was portrayed as a dangerous seductress.(她被描寫成危險的女誘惑者。)
- The seductress lured him into trouble.(女誘惑者把他引入麻煩。)
- Her look was that of a classic seductress.(她長得像典型的女誘惑者。)
25. sessile
詞義:固著的;不動的(生物學術語)
- Barnacles are sessile creatures.(藤壺是固著生物。)
- Sessile plants don’t have stalks.(固著植物沒有莖。)
- Coral reefs are built by sessile organisms.(珊瑚礁是由固著生物構成的。)
26. sedimentary
詞義:沈積的;沈積岩的
- Limestone is a sedimentary rock.(石灰岩是沈積岩。)
- The area has many sedimentary layers.(該地區有很多沈積層。)
- Fossils are often found in sedimentary rocks.(化石常見於沈積岩中。)
27. sedative
詞義:鎮靜劑
- The doctor gave him a sedative.(醫生給了他一顆鎮靜劑。)
- Sedatives can help reduce anxiety.(鎮靜劑可幫助減輕焦慮。)
- Don’t operate machines after taking a sedative.(服用鎮靜劑後勿操作機械。)
28. reside
詞義:定居、存在於
- Happiness resides in the mind.(快樂存在於心中。)
- The family resides in Kaohsiung.(這家人住在高雄。)
- Responsibility resides with the manager.(責任落在經理身上。)
29. seduction
詞義:誘惑;引誘
- The book discusses the seduction of power.(這本書探討權力的誘惑。)
- He fell under the seduction of fame.(他被名氣誘惑。)
- Seduction doesn’t always mean romance.(誘惑不一定是戀愛。)
30. supersession
詞義:替代;接替
- The supersession of old technology is inevitable.(舊科技被取代是必然的。)
- The new law led to the supersession of the old one.(新法令取代了舊法。)
- It marked the supersession of manual work by machines.(那象徵機器取代人工工作。)
這些詞不只幫助我們認識「sed」這個字根,也讓英文更有邏輯、更好記。慢慢地,你會發現,不只是「坐」在那裡,還能坐出一整片語言的風景。