
英文字根volv
你有沒有發現,很多英文單字裡都有 volv 或 volut 這個字根?像是 evolve, revolve, involve,這些字雖然看起來不一樣,但其實它們的核心意思都跟「轉」有關。這是因為它們都來自拉丁文的 volvere,意思是「轉動、翻轉」。這個字根在英文裡演變出很多種不同又有趣的單字,常常跟變化、捲入、循環等概念有關。如果你能掌握這個字根,不但能快速猜出很多單字的意思,還會讓你對字彙的記憶更扎實。
以下幫你整理出30個常見的 volv/volut 字根單字,全部都附上3個例句和中文翻譯。順序我也調整過,讓整體更流暢好讀!
1. Involve (v.) 涉及、捲入
- This project will involve a lot of teamwork.
(這個專案將需要很多團隊合作。) - He was involved in a car accident last night.
(他昨晚捲入了一場車禍。) - I don’t want to get involved in their argument.
(我不想參與他們的爭吵。)
2. Revolve (v.) 旋轉、圍繞
- The Earth revolves around the Sun.
(地球繞著太陽轉。) - Her life revolves around her children.
(她的生活以孩子為中心。) - The discussion revolved around budget cuts.
(討論集中在預算削減上。)
3. Evolve (v.) 演化、發展
- Species evolve over millions of years.
(物種在數百萬年中逐漸演化。) - His ideas evolved after many discussions.
(他的想法在多次討論後演變了。) - We must evolve to keep up with change.
(我們必須不斷發展以因應變化。)
4. Evolution (n.) 演化、進化
- Darwin’s theory of evolution changed science.
(達爾文的進化論改變了科學。) - The evolution of language is fascinating.
(語言的演變非常迷人。) - Fashion evolution is influenced by culture.
(時尚的演變受文化影響。)
5. Involvement (n.) 涉入、參與
- Her involvement in the campaign was key.
(她在這次活動中的參與非常關鍵。) - I had no involvement in the decision.
(我沒有參與這項決定。) - Parental involvement helps students succeed.
(家長參與有助於學生成功。)
6. Revolver (n.) 左輪手槍
- He pointed a revolver at the wall.
(他把左輪手槍對著牆。) - The revolver had six bullets.
(這把左輪手槍有六發子彈。) - She learned how to use a revolver safely.
(她學會了如何安全使用左輪手槍。)
7. Voluble (adj.) 健談的、口若懸河的
- He’s a voluble speaker who charms the crowd.
(他是個健談的講者,能迷住觀眾。) - She became voluble when talking about books.
(談到書時她變得非常健談。) - The tour guide was cheerful and voluble.
(導遊非常開朗健談。)
8. Convoluted (adj.) 盤旋的、複雜難懂的
- The movie’s plot was too convoluted.
(這部電影的劇情太複雜難懂了。) - His explanation was long and convoluted.
(他的解釋又長又難懂。) - She tried to follow the convoluted logic.
(她努力試著理解那複雜的邏輯。)
9. Devolve (v.) 下放(權力)、惡化
- The government devolved power to the states.
(政府把權力下放給各州。) - The situation quickly devolved into chaos.
(情況很快就惡化成混亂。) - Leadership may devolve to the next generation.
(領導權可能會交給下一代。)
10. Involute (adj.) 複雜的、內捲的
- The machine has an involute design.
(這台機器的設計很複雜。) - Some plants grow with involute leaves.
(某些植物會長出內捲的葉子。) - The architecture has an involute elegance.
(建築設計帶有一種複雜的優雅。)
11. Revolt (v./n.) 反抗、叛亂
- The people revolted against the king.
(人民起義反抗國王。) - His comments caused a revolt in the office.
(他的言論在辦公室引發了反彈。) - The soldiers led a revolt.
(士兵們發動了一場叛亂。)
12. Revolving (adj.) 旋轉的、循環的
- The restaurant has a revolving door.
(這家餐廳有旋轉門。) - They got stuck in the revolving door.
(他們被困在旋轉門裡。) - He worked a revolving shift schedule.
(他的班表是輪班制的。)
13. Revoke (v.) 撤銷、廢止
- The license was revoked due to violations.
(執照因違規被撤銷。) - She threatened to revoke his privileges.
(她威脅要撤銷他的特權。) - The court may revoke the order.
(法院可能會廢止這項命令。)
14. Volvulus (n.) 腸扭轉
- The doctor diagnosed him with volvulus.
(醫生診斷他患有腸扭轉。) - Volvulus requires immediate surgery.
(腸扭轉需要立即手術。) - It’s a rare but serious condition.
(這是一種罕見但嚴重的疾病。)
15. Involution (n.) 退化、內捲
- Some societies experience cultural involution.
(有些社會會出現文化內捲現象。) - The concept of involution is used in biology.
(內捲這個概念也用在生物學裡。) - The essay discusses economic involution.
(這篇文章探討了經濟內捲。)
16. Involuntary (adj.) 非自願的、不由自主的
- He gave an involuntary shiver.
(他不自覺地發抖了一下。) - The movement was completely involuntary.
(這動作完全是非自願的。) - Involuntary actions are controlled by the brainstem.
(非自願動作是由腦幹控制的。)
17. Evolutionary (adj.) 演化的、逐步的
- Evolutionary biology is fascinating.
(演化生物學很有趣。) - The product went through evolutionary changes.
(這項產品經歷了演變過程。) - Language is shaped by evolutionary forces.
(語言受到演化力量的影響。)
18. Revaluation (n.) 重新評價
- The company had a revaluation of assets.
(公司對資產重新估值。) - A revaluation may affect your taxes.
(重新評價可能會影響稅負。) - The currency revaluation boosted imports.
(貨幣升值促進了進口。)
19. Invaluably (adv.) 無價地、非常寶貴地
- Her advice was invaluably helpful.
(她的建議非常寶貴。) - The book is invaluably informative.
(這本書提供了無價的資訊。) - His experience proved invaluably useful.
(他的經驗證明極其有用。)
20. Revolvable (adj.) 可旋轉的
- The chair is revolvable.
(這張椅子是可以旋轉的。) - He fixed the revolvable part.
(他修好了那個可旋轉的零件。) - The fan has a revolvable head.
(風扇有可旋轉的頭。)
21. Volvation (n.) 滾動
- Armadillos use volvation to protect themselves.
(犰狳透過滾動來保護自己。) - Some animals perform volvation when threatened.
(某些動物在受到威脅時會滾成球。) - Volvation is common among pangolins.
(穿山甲也常見這種滾動行為。)
22. Retrovolve (v.) 向後旋轉
- The gears retrovolve when reversed.
(變速時齒輪會向後轉動。) - He retrovolved the crank carefully.
(他小心地往後轉了曲柄。) - Some clocks retrovolve at midnight.
(某些時鐘在午夜時會倒轉一圈。)
23. Voluted (adj.) 捲曲的、螺旋狀的
- The sculpture had voluted patterns.
(這座雕塑有螺旋狀的圖案。) - She admired the voluted columns.
(她欣賞著螺旋柱。) - The ceiling was decorated with voluted designs.
(天花板上裝飾著捲曲的設計。)
24. Intervolve (v.) 交纏、相互纏繞
- Their fates seemed to intervolve.
(他們的命運似乎交纏在一起。) - The stories intervolve in a complex way.
(這些故事以複雜的方式交織。) - Their responsibilities intervolve.
(他們的職責互相牽連。)
25. Circumvolve (v.) 旋轉、環繞
- The satellite circumvolved the Earth.
(衛星環繞地球旋轉。) - He watched the planets circumvolve.
(他觀察行星的旋轉。) - The light circumvolved slowly.
(燈光慢慢地旋轉。)
26. Revolvement (n.) 旋轉、週期循環
- The revolvement of the wheel powered the machine.
(輪子的旋轉驅動機器運作。) - They measured the revolvement rate.
(他們測量了旋轉速度。) - The Earth’s revolvement defines a year.
(地球的公轉定義了一年。)
27. Volvation behavior (n.) 滾動行為
- Volvation behavior is common in armadillos.
(犰狳常有滾動行為。) - This defensive volvation behavior is instinctive.
(這種防禦性滾動行為是本能的。) - The study focuses on volvation behavior in mammals.
(這篇研究聚焦於哺乳動物的滾動行為。)
28. Evolvable (adj.) 可演化的
- Technology is highly evolvable.
(科技具有高度可演化性。) - This system is flexible and evolvable.
(這套系統具有彈性且可演進。) - The software must be evolvable to survive.
(軟體必須具有可演化性才能存活。)
29. Re-evolve (v.) 再次演化
- Dinosaurs may re-evolve in theory.
(理論上恐龍有可能再演化。) - The culture began to re-evolve.
(文化開始再次發展演變。) - Systems re-evolve under new pressure.
(系統在新壓力下再次演化。)
30. Overinvolved (adj.) 過度參與的
- Parents were overinvolved in the project.
(家長對這個專案過度干預。) - He became overinvolved in her personal life.
(他過度介入她的私生活。) - She was overinvolved with her students.
(她太過投入在學生身上了。)
希望這一份精選有趣又實用的 volv/volut 字根單字整理,讓你更清楚英文單字是怎麼「轉」起來的。喜歡的話記得多唸幾次、用起來,你的字彙庫就會越來越轉得動啦!