
「vac」這個字根來自拉丁文 vacare,意思是「空的」、「缺乏的」、「閒置的」。
它是許多英文單字的核心概念,像是「vacation」就是「空出來的時間」;「evacuate」是「使…變空」,可見這個字根與「空缺」、「離開」、「清除」等意思有密切關係。下面的單字都是以「vac」為字根,幫助你從字源的角度理解單字,並透過例句強化記憶。
1. Evacuate
意思:撤離、疏散
例句:
- The building was evacuated after the fire alarm went off.(火警警報響起後,整棟大樓被疏散了。)
- Residents were ordered to evacuate the area immediately.(居民被命令立刻撤離該地區。)
- We had to evacuate because of the chemical leak.(因為化學品外洩,我們必須撤離。)
2. Vacation
意思:假期、度假
例句:
- They went to Japan for a summer vacation.(他們去日本度暑假。)
- I need a vacation after working so hard.(我工作這麼辛苦之後,需要放個假。)
- We’re planning a beach vacation next month.(我們下個月打算去海邊度假。)
3. Vacant
意思:空的、未被佔用的
例句:
- The seat next to her was vacant.(她旁邊的位子是空的。)
- There are many vacant apartments in the city.(市區裡有很多空的公寓。)
- His expression was completely vacant.(他的表情完全空洞。)
4. Vacuum
意思:真空、吸塵器
例句:
- The scientist created a vacuum in the chamber.(科學家在實驗艙中製造了真空。)
- Use the vacuum to clean the carpet.(用吸塵器清理地毯。)
- Sound can’t travel in a vacuum.(聲音無法在真空中傳播。)
5. Vacate
意思:空出、撤離
例句:
- Please vacate the room by 10 a.m.(請在早上十點前退房。)
- The protesters refused to vacate the premises.(抗議者拒絕撤離場地。)
- The landlord asked us to vacate the apartment.(房東要我們搬出公寓。)
6. Vacancy
意思:空缺、空位
例句:
- There is a job vacancy in the sales department.(業務部門有職缺。)
- Do you have any room vacancies?(你們有空房嗎?)
- The hotel has no vacancies tonight.(今晚飯店客滿了。)
7. Evacuation
意思:撤離、排空
例句:
- The evacuation was orderly and fast.(撤離進行得有秩序且迅速。)
- The typhoon warning led to mass evacuation.(颱風警報導致大規模撤離。)
- Fire drills help prepare for emergency evacuations.(消防演練有助於應對緊急撤離。)
8. Vacillator
意思:猶豫不決的人
例句:
- The vacillator couldn’t make a final choice.(這個優柔寡斷的人無法做出決定。)
- A leader shouldn’t be a vacillator.(領導者不應該優柔寡斷。)
- He’s a vacillator when it comes to relationships.(在感情方面他總是舉棋不定。)
9. Vacillation
意思:猶豫、搖擺不定
例句:
- Her vacillation cost her the opportunity.(她的猶豫讓她錯失了機會。)
- We need a decision, not more vacillation.(我們需要的是決定,不是更多的猶豫。)
- His constant vacillation frustrated everyone.(他一直猶豫讓大家都很煩。)
10. Vaccinate
意思:接種疫苗
例句:
- All children must be vaccinated before school.(所有小孩入學前都要接種疫苗。)
- He was vaccinated against the flu.(他打了流感疫苗。)
- They plan to vaccinate the whole population.(他們打算讓全民接種。)
11. Vaccination
意思:疫苗接種
例句:
- Vaccination is important for public health.(接種疫苗對公共健康很重要。)
- The clinic offers free vaccinations.(診所提供免費疫苗。)
- Many countries require proof of vaccination.(很多國家要求疫苗接種證明。)
12. Vacuole
意思:液泡(細胞中的空腔)
例句:
- The vacuole stores nutrients and waste.(液泡儲存養分與廢物。)
- Plant cells have large vacuoles.(植物細胞有大的液泡。)
- Vacuoles help maintain cell structure.(液泡有助於維持細胞結構。)
13. Vacuuming
意思:吸塵
例句:
- She spent an hour vacuuming the house.(她花了一小時吸地。)
- Vacuuming is part of my weekend routine.(吸塵是我週末的例行公事。)
- He hates vacuuming the stairs.(他討厭吸樓梯的塵。)
14. Vacuity
意思:空虛、空洞
例句:
- The speech was full of emotional vacuity.(這場演講情感上很空洞。)
- There’s a certain vacuity in his personality.(他的個性中有種空虛感。)
- The movie was criticized for its vacuity.(這部電影因空洞無趣而被批評。)
15. Vacuously
意思:茫然地、空洞地
例句:
- She smiled vacuously at the camera.(她對著鏡頭茫然地笑。)
- He stared vacuously into space.(他茫然地望著遠方。)
- The character was portrayed vacuously.(這角色被表現得很空洞。)
16. Vacational
意思:假期的、度假的
例句:
- They offer vacational packages to tourists.(他們提供觀光客假期套裝行程。)
- I’m looking for a vacational resort.(我在找度假村。)
- Vacational homes are popular in the summer.(夏天度假屋很熱門。)
17. Vacuity
意思:空泛的思想或內容
例句:
- The article lacked depth and was full of vacuity.(這篇文章缺乏深度,內容空泛。)
- Vacuity in conversation can be awkward.(對話空泛時會很尷尬。)
- Critics pointed out the vacuity in the novel.(評論家指出小說內容空洞。)
18. Evacuator
意思:撤離者、排空裝置
例句:
- The fireman acted as an evacuator during the crisis.(火災時消防員負責撤離工作。)
- This machine is an efficient evacuator.(這台機器能有效排空氣體。)
- Every building needs an evacuator plan.(每棟建築都需要撤離計畫。)
19. Vacuometer
意思:真空計
例句:
- The vacuometer shows the pressure inside the container.(真空計顯示容器內的壓力。)
- Engineers used a vacuometer to measure air pressure.(工程師用真空計測量氣壓。)
- The reading on the vacuometer was too low.(真空計的讀數太低了。)
20. Vacationalist
意思:度假者(較罕用)
例句:
- The island is full of vacationalists in summer.(夏天這座島上滿是度假客。)
- Every vacationalist needs a travel checklist.(每位旅客都需要旅遊清單。)
- The beach was designed for vacationalists.(這海灘是為旅客打造的。)
21. Vacillate
意思:搖擺、猶豫不決
例句:
- He tends to vacillate between two options.(他總是在兩個選項間猶豫。)
- Don’t vacillate when making important decisions.(做重要決定時不要猶豫。)
- She vacillated for weeks before accepting the job.(她猶豫了幾週才接受這份工作。)
22. Vacillant
意思:動搖的、猶豫的(文學用語)
例句:
- His vacillant opinion changed every hour.(他那動搖的意見每小時都變。)
- The king’s vacillant stance led to chaos.(國王搖擺不定的立場導致混亂。)
- I couldn’t trust his vacillant decisions.(我無法信任他那搖擺不定的決定。)
23. Vacuolate
意思:形成空泡的(生物學術語)
例句:
- The cell became vacuolate under stress.(細胞在壓力下產生空泡。)
- Vacuolate cells are common in plant tissue.(植物組織中常見空泡細胞。)
- Vacuolation is a sign of cell aging.(形成空泡是細胞老化的徵兆。)
24. Vacuum-packed
意思:真空包裝的
例句:
- The coffee is vacuum-packed to stay fresh.(這咖啡是真空包裝保持新鮮。)
- I bought some vacuum-packed meat.(我買了一些真空包裝的肉。)
- Vacuum-packed food lasts longer.(真空包裝的食物可以保存更久。)
25. Vaccinia
意思:牛痘(用於疫苗接種)
例句:
- Vaccinia virus is used in smallpox vaccines.(牛痘病毒用於天花疫苗。)
- The lab handles vaccinia with caution.(實驗室小心處理牛痘病毒。)
- Vaccinia helped eradicate smallpox.(牛痘病毒幫助根除天花。)
26. Vacuum-sealed
意思:真空密封的
例句:
- The bag is vacuum-sealed to prevent air.(這袋子是真空密封以防進氣。)
- We use vacuum-sealed containers for storage.(我們用真空密封容器保存。)
- Vacuum-sealed packaging keeps the food fresh.(真空包裝讓食物保持新鮮。)
27. Vacuum-tube
意思:真空管
例句:
- Old radios used vacuum-tube technology.(舊收音機使用真空管技術。)
- Vacuum-tube amplifiers are still popular.(真空管擴大機仍受歡迎。)
- The invention of the vacuum-tube changed electronics.(真空管的發明改變了電子技術。)
28. Vacuolization
意思:液泡化(細胞變化)
例句:
- Vacuolization is observed in aging cells.(老化細胞會觀察到液泡化現象。)
- The liver tissue showed vacuolization.(肝組織出現液泡化。)
- Vacuolization may indicate cell damage.(液泡化可能代表細胞損傷。)
29. Vacuolar
意思:液泡的、與液泡相關的
例句:
- Vacuolar transport is essential in plant cells.(液泡運輸對植物細胞非常重要。)
- The vacuolar membrane separates fluids.(液泡膜隔開液體。)
- Vacuolar activity increased under drought.(乾旱時液泡活動增加。)
30. Vacuform
意思:真空成型
例句:
- The toy was made using vacuform techniques.(這玩具是用真空成型法做的。)
- Vacuform is popular in packaging industries.(真空成型在包裝業很受歡迎。)
- They vacuformed the plastic into trays.(他們把塑膠真空成型做成托盤。)