
有一堆英文單字都結尾是-ess
最近在整理單字筆記時,不小心注意到一個很好玩的現象,就是有一堆英文單字都結尾是 -ess,而且它們大多數不是名詞,而是動詞或名詞轉化的抽象名詞,帶有某種「狀態」、「行為」、「過程」或「情緒」的感覺。這些詞看起來好像很抽象,但其實只要一個個拆開來配上例句,它們的意思就會變得清楚又有趣。
這篇文章就是我在處理功課、筆記、生活瑣事時,邊查字邊發現的一堆 -ess 字尾單字們,從一開始的 access 一路卡到 obsess,但後來也有 success 跟 progress,完全就是一整條人生的寫照。如果你跟我一樣,偶爾在英文單字裡感受到命運的捉弄(或詩意?),那我們應該可以一起點頭如搗蒜。
以下這30個單字都跟 -ess 有關,雖然來自不同的詞根來源,但都跟「狀態、過程或感覺」有點關係,每個字後面會附上我自己查來加上想的三個例句,希望能幫你理解,也順便安慰我自己:單字的痛苦,不是只有我一個人在承受。
1. access(n./v. 進入、取得、接近的機會)
- I need internet access to finish my homework.
我需要網路連線才能完成作業。 - He was denied access to the secret files.
他被拒絕進入機密檔案。 - The app requires location access to function properly.
這個應用程式需要定位權限才能正常運作。
2. process(n./v. 過程、處理)
- The application is still in process.
申請還在進行中。 - I need time to process what you just said.
我需要點時間消化你剛剛說的話。 - This software can process images very quickly.
這套軟體處理圖片的速度很快。
3. recess(n. 休息、課間休息)
- The students ran out happily when recess started.
一下課,學生們開心地跑出去。 - Let’s take a short recess before the next session.
在下一場之前我們先小休一下吧。 - Court is now in recess until 2 p.m.
法院現在休庭至下午兩點。
4. obsess(v. 著迷、糾纏)
- She obsesses over every detail.
她對每個細節都過度執著。 - He’s obsessed with video games lately.
他最近迷上電玩。 - Don’t let that failure obsess you.
不要讓那次失敗一直困住你。
5. distress(n./v. 痛苦、煩惱)
- Her voice was full of distress.
她的聲音聽起來非常痛苦。 - Financial distress is common among students.
學生之間常有經濟壓力。 - He was in great distress after the breakup.
分手後他非常難過。
6. mess(n./v. 混亂、凌亂)
- My room is a total mess.
我的房間亂到不行。 - Don’t mess up the project again!
別再搞砸這個專案了! - This schedule is a complete mess.
這行程表完全是一團亂。
7. success(n. 成功)
- Her book became a huge success.
她的書大受歡迎。 - Hard work is the key to success.
努力是成功的關鍵。 - I hope you find success in your new job.
希望你在新工作中成功。
8. progress(n./v. 進步、進展)
- We’re making good progress on the project.
我們的專案進展順利。 - He has shown great progress in English.
他的英文有顯著進步。 - Progress takes time and effort.
進步需要時間與努力。
9. excess(n. 過度、過量)
- Eating in excess can harm your health.
飲食過量對健康不好。 - He drank to excess last night.
他昨晚喝過頭了。 - The excess baggage fee was expensive.
超重行李費很貴。
10. witness(n./v. 目擊者、見證)
- She was the only witness to the accident.
她是唯一目擊事故的人。 - I witnessed something amazing today.
我今天看到了一件超酷的事。 - He was called to witness in court.
他被傳喚出庭作證。
11. illness(n. 疾病、生病)
- He was absent due to illness.
他因病缺席。 - Mental illness should be taken seriously.
心理疾病應該被重視。 - Her illness lasted for several weeks.
她生病好幾個禮拜了。
12. weakness(n. 弱點、虛弱)
- Chocolate is my greatest weakness.
我最無法抗拒巧克力。 - He showed no weakness in the debate.
他在辯論中毫不示弱。 - Physical weakness slowed her recovery.
身體虛弱拖慢了她的復原速度。
13. sharpness(n. 鋒利、敏銳)
- The knife’s sharpness faded over time.
刀子久了就不鋒利了。 - Her sharpness of mind impressed everyone.
她頭腦敏銳讓大家印象深刻。 - He answered with unexpected sharpness.
他回答得異常犀利。
14. awareness(n. 意識、察覺)
- Public awareness of the issue is rising.
大家對這個問題的意識正在上升。 - Self-awareness is important for growth.
自我覺察對成長很重要。 - She lacked awareness of the danger.
她沒察覺到危險。
15. boldness(n. 大膽、無畏)
- I admired his boldness in speaking up.
我佩服他敢於發言。 - Boldness can open many doors.
勇敢可以打開許多機會。 - Her boldness shocked the group.
她的勇氣讓大家嚇一跳。
16. kindness(n. 善良、仁慈)
- A little kindness goes a long way.
一點善意可以帶來很大的影響。 - He showed unexpected kindness.
他展現出意想不到的溫柔。 - I will never forget your kindness.
我永遠不會忘記你的好。
17. darkness(n. 黑暗、陰暗)
- The room was full of darkness.
房間裡一片黑暗。 - He struggled with the darkness inside him.
他內心有著黑暗的掙扎。 - The storm brought sudden darkness.
暴風雨讓天色瞬間變黑。
18. helplessness(n. 無助)
- I felt total helplessness at that moment.
那一刻我感到完全無助。 - Her helplessness made me want to help.
她的無助讓我很想幫她。 - They faced their problems with helplessness.
他們面對問題時一籌莫展。
19. sadness(n. 悲傷)
- The movie filled me with sadness.
這部電影讓我好悲傷。 - He couldn’t hide his sadness.
他無法掩飾他的悲傷。 - There was a deep sadness in her eyes.
她眼裡藏著濃濃的哀傷。
20. loneliness(n. 孤單、寂寞)
- Loneliness hit me during the holidays.
假期時我感到特別孤單。 - She wrote poems about loneliness.
她寫詩抒發寂寞的感覺。 - Many elderly people suffer from loneliness.
很多長輩都受寂寞所苦。
21. neatness(n. 整潔、俐落)
- I admire your neatness.
我很佩服你的整潔習慣。 - Her notes were full of neatness and order.
她的筆記又整齊又有條理。 - He appreciated the neatness of the design.
他欣賞這個設計的俐落感。
22. readiness(n. 準備好)
- She showed readiness to help.
她隨時願意幫忙。 - His readiness impressed the teacher.
他的準備讓老師印象深刻。 - We waited for the signal of readiness.
我們等著準備就緒的信號。
23. stillness(n. 靜止、寂靜)
- The stillness of the forest was calming.
森林的寂靜讓人平靜。 - There was an eerie stillness in the air.
空氣中有種詭異的寂靜。 - She found comfort in the stillness.
她在安靜中找到慰藉。
24. roughness(n. 粗糙、粗魯)
- I felt the roughness of the wall.
我摸到了牆面的粗糙。 - His voice had a hint of roughness.
他的聲音略顯沙啞。 - She was surprised by the roughness of his behavior.
他粗魯的行為讓她吃驚。
25. sharpness(n. 尖銳、犀利)
- The sharpness of his tongue was legendary.
他說話的犀利是眾所皆知的。 - I noticed the sharpness in her look.
我注意到她眼神中的銳利。 - This lens captures details with great sharpness.
這個鏡頭細節捕捉得很清楚。
26. uselessness(n. 無用)
- I was overwhelmed by a sense of uselessness.
我充滿無力感。 - The tool’s uselessness became obvious.
這工具根本沒用。 - He hated the feeling of uselessness.
他討厭那種無能為力的感覺。
27. coolness(n. 涼爽、冷靜)
- I love the coolness of autumn mornings.
我喜歡秋天早晨的涼意。 - He handled the situation with coolness.
他很冷靜地處理了事情。 - The coolness of her response surprised me.
她冷淡的反應讓我很意外。
28. thickness(n. 厚度、濃度)
- The thickness of the book intimidated me.
這本書的厚度讓我嚇一跳。 - I adjusted the soup’s thickness.
我調整了湯的濃稠度。 - The fog’s thickness reduced visibility.
濃霧讓能見度變低。
29. bitterness(n. 苦味、怨恨)
- The coffee had a pleasant bitterness.
咖啡帶有舒服的苦味。 - She spoke with hidden bitterness.
她的語氣中藏著怨氣。 - The bitterness of failure lingered.
失敗的苦澀久久不散。
30. tiredness(n. 疲勞、倦怠)
- Tiredness hit me after the meeting.
開完會後我好累。 - He tried to fight his tiredness.
他努力對抗疲倦。 - The long hours caused serious tiredness.
長時間工作讓他非常疲憊。
以上這30個 -ess 字尾的單字,從人生起點的 access,到最後的 tiredness,幾乎可以描寫整段生活的縮影了。看似只是字尾一樣,實際上每個字都藏著一點我們日常情緒的影子。如果你也有自己的 -ess 字串故事,歡迎一起交流。我先去 process 一下我的 tiredness,再來面對下個 mess(應該又是考試)。